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Freud publishes “Psychopathology of Everyday Life."
It is without a doubt one of Freud's most widely discussed and influential works. The work is not as technical as Freud's other works and draws on everyday experiences. In the book, he tries to give a concise explanation behind everyday actions. These include such things as forgetting a person's name, common slips of the tongue and others. https://www.sigmundfreud.net/the-psychopathology-of-everyday-life.jsp https://www.timelines.ws/20thcent/1901.HTML -
Chekhov's "Three Sisters" opens at Moscow Art Theater.
At first, Russian critics were puzzled at why the sisters did not go to Moscow - they were wealthy, and nothing kept them from the move. Later, however, they explained the characters' seeming lack of motivation as the feature of a new dramatic method. I.N. Ignatov said that to the sisters Moscow was not a city but "a symbol of a distant resplendent ideal to which suffering souls yearningly direct their thoughts" https://wiki.uiowa.edu/display/theatre/Brief+History+of+Three+Sisters+Criticism -
Irish nationalist unrest
Sixteen Irish members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom were ordered to leave during a debate over matters affecting Great Britain (which excluded Ireland even though it was part of the United Kingdom), and all refused.
The Times of London wrote, "Drastic punishment must be meted out to this offense which is all the more unpardonable because clearly deliberate." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_1901 -
Van Gogh becomes a posthumous hit
The exhibit of Vincent Van Gogh's paintings shown at the Bernheim-Jeune gallery in Paris, caused a sensation across the art world. Eleven years before, while living outside Paris, Van Gogh had died by suicide without any notion that his work was destined to win acclaim beyond his wildest dreams. In his lifetime, he had sold only one painting. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/van-gogh-paintings-shown -
First native African graduates from an American University.
Charlotte M. Manye of South Africa earned a Bachelor of Science degree at Wilberforce University in Cleveland. https://www.timelines.ws/20thcent/1901.HTML https://africhroyale.com/charlotte-m-manye-the-first-native-african-to-graduate-from-an-american-university/ -
Picasso’s first major exhibition
At only 19 years old, Pablo Picasso had his first solo art exhibition at a gallery on Paris’ renowned rue Laffitte. Picasso introduced a new style of artistic expression to the world. He also put an end to the belief that works of art should be a reality in order to be of any value. https://medium.com/feral-horses/this-week-in-art-history-picassos-first-major-exhibition-b245691822d4 -
The Labour Party is born
The Taff Vale Railway Company successfully sued a trade union, the Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants, for the costs of industrial action taken by its members. The Labour Representative Committee, a socialist federation formed in the UK in 1900, convinced the trade unions that the political representation of labour was now essential. This organisation later became the Labour party. https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/worldwars_timeline_noflash.shtml -
Ford Model A is First Produced
The original Ford Model A was the first car produced by Ford Motor Company, beginning production in 1903. https://worldhistoryproject.org/1903/ford-model-a-is-first-produced -
Clair De Lune by Claude Debussy
Clair de lune, the third segment in Suite bergamasque, a four-movement composition for piano by French composer Claude Debussy, begun in 1890 is revised and published in 1905. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Clair-de-lune-by-Debussy -
Faygo
Faygo was founded in Detroit, Michigan, as Feigenson Brothers Bottle Works by Russian baker immigrants Ben and Perry Feigenson. The original flavors of Faygo (fruit punch, strawberry, and grape) were based on cake frosting recipes used by the Feigensons in Russia. Initially, the brothers used a horse drawn wagon for deliveries and lived above the bottling plant. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faygo -
Gandhi is Arrested for the First Time
Gandhi is arrested for refusing to carry an ID card in the south. He is sentenced to two months in prison. He adopted his methodology of non-violent protest, calling on his fellow Indians to defy the new law & suffer the punishments for doing so, rather than resist through violent means. https://worldhistoryproject.org/1908/1/10/gandhi-is-arrested-for-the-first-time-for-refusing-to-carry-an-obligatory-id-card-in-south-africa -
Chicago Garment Workers Strike
A massive strike started and led by women in which diverse workers in the garment industry showed their ability to organize across ethnic lines in an industry notorious for low wages and bad conditions. The Chicago strike marked the start of what became the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. https://worldhistoryproject.org/1910/9/22/chicago-garment-workers-strike -
'Titanic' sinks with the loss of 1,503 lives
The White Star liner 'Titanic' was the largest vessel in the world at the time of her launch. Her builders and owners claimed that she was 'practically unsinkable', but on her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York she collided with an iceberg and sank within hours. Titanic could carry over 3,500 people, but was equipped with only enough lifeboats to save 1,178. https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/worldwars_timeline_noflash.shtml -
Gandhi Begins "Great March" to Gain Indian Rights in South Africa
Eventually some of the major points on which the Satyagraha struggle had been waged were conceded to the Indians. The tax on the ex-indentured labourers was abolished; marriages performed according to Indian rites were legalized, and a domicile certificate bearing the holder’s thumb-imprint, evidence of the right to enter South Africa. https://worldhistoryproject.org/1913/11/6/gandhi-begins-great-march-to-gain-indian-rights-in-south-africa -
"Making a Living" Starring Charlie Chaplin
Charlie Chaplin signed his first film deal at the end of 1913, with Keystone pictures. His film debut was called 'Making a Living'. Charlie would go on to star in 35 more films in 1914 alone. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/charlie-chaplin-born -
Babe Ruth
At 19 years old Babe Ruth signs his first contract with the minor-league Baltimore Orioles for $250 a month. https://worldhistoryproject.org/1914/2/14/babe-ruth-signs-first-contract-with-minor-league-baltimore-orioles -
Assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie are shot to death by a Bosnian Serb nationalist during an official visit to the Bosnian capital of Sarajevo on June 28, 1914. The killings sparked a chain of events that led to the outbreak of World War I by early August. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/archduke-ferdinand-assassinated#:~:text=Archduke%20Franz%20Ferdinand%20of%20Austria,War%20I%20by%20early%20August. -
World War I begins
Convinced that Austria-Hungary was readying for war, the Serbian government ordered the Serbian army to mobilize and appealed to Russia for assistance. On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, and the tenuous peace between Europe’s great powers quickly collapsed. Within a week, Russia, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Serbia had lined up against Austria-Hungary and Germany, and World War I had begun. https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history#world-war-i-begins -
Panama Canal officially opens
The Panama Canal opened, linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and providing a new route for international trade and military transport. The canal was a geopolitical strategy to make the United States the most powerful nation on earth. Thousands of workers died during its construction. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/panama-canal-helped-make-u-s-world-power -
Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity is published
Eleven years after On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, Einstein published his second groundbreaking work on General Relativity, which continues and expands the original theory. A preeminent feature of General Relativity is its view of gravitation. Einstein held that the forces of acceleration and gravity are equivalent. https://worldhistoryproject.org/1915/albert-einsteins-general-theory-of-relativity-is-published -
Russian Revolution
Russia in Upheaval When War Broke Out The rumblings of Revolution became audible in 1913, when an epidemic of strikes broke out in Petrograd (Saint Petersburg), Moscow and other industrial centers. https://worldhistoryproject.org/1917/3/15/russian-revolution -
Flu Pandemic Of 1918
In the two years that this scourge ravaged the earth, a fifth of the world's population was infected. The flu was most deadly for people ages 20 to 40. This pattern of morbidity was unusual for influenza which is usually a killer of the elderly and young children. https://worldhistoryproject.org/1918/3/4/flu-pandemic-of-1918 -
British soldiers kill hundreds of unarmed Indian civilians at Amritsar, India
A large crowd attending a Sikh religious festival in defiance of British martial law was fired on without warning by troops under the command of Brigadier General Reginald Dyer. More than 300 people were killed. The 'Amritsar Massacre' crystallised growing Indian discontent with British rule. The Indian Congress Party now became a nationwide movement committed to independence. https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/worldwars_timeline_noflash.shtml -
Signing of the Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. https://worldhistoryproject.org/1919/6/28/signing-of-the-treaty-of-versailles -
Exclusion of women from many jobs is made illegal
The Sex Disqualification Removal Act made it illegal for women to be excluded from most jobs, and allowed them to hold judicial office and enter the professions. Women could now become magistrates, solicitors and barristers. https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/worldwars_timeline_noflash.shtml -
Women at Oxford are allowed to receive degrees
Academic halls for women were first established at Oxford in the 19th century, but although women had been able to attend degree level courses, they could not receive degrees until 1920. https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/worldwars_timeline_noflash.shtml -
Adolf Hitler Delivers 'Twenty-Five Theses' Speech at the Munich Hofbräuhaus
The meeting and his oratory were a great success, and subsequently in February 1920 he organized a much larger event for a crowd of nearly two thousand in the Munich Hofbrauhaus. https://worldhistoryproject.org/1920/2/24/adolf-hitler-delivers-twenty-five-theses-speech-at-the-munich-hofbrauhaus