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Scott v Stanford
Americans of any African descent didn’t have the right to sue in federal court because they weren’t considered American citizens. -
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Reconstruction & Reconstruction Amendments
constitutional changes, presidential impeachment. Lincoln’s plan included abolishing slavery, Johnson’s plan also gave pardons to confederate leaders. -
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Jim Crow Era
An african american and a white person cannot play together or be in company of eachother in any games of cards, dice, dominoes, or checkers
Marriages to a white person are considered void if the other person has one-eighth or more of african american, Japanese, or Chinese blood
Laws that segregated blacks in the deep south. -
Plessy v Ferguson
concerned whether “separate but equal” railway cars for black and white Americans violated the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. Homer Plessy objected to “separate but equal” accommodations for african americans with transportation because the facilities weren’t really equal and he thought that it was demeaning nature. The majority of the supreme court believed that the southern states should have some leeway to establish their system of segregation. -
19th Amendment
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. -
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Scottsboro Boys
The Scottsboro Boys were nine African American teenagers, ages 13 to 20, falsely accused in Alabama of raping two White American women on a train in 1931. The landmark set of legal cases from this incident dealt with racism and the right to a fair trial. -
George Stinney case
Black boy that was accused of rape that his rights as a citizen were hugely violated because he was sentenced to the death penalty as a minor in 14 minutes his lawyer was horrible all white jury it was too fast he was proven innocent later -
Brown v. Board
There was a school closer to the Brown's house, but it was only for white students. Linda Brown and her family believed that the segregated school system violated the Fourteenth Amendment and took their case to court. Federal district court decided that segregation in public education was harmful to black children, but because all-black schools and all-white schools had similar buildings, transportation, curricula, and teachers, the segregation was legal. -
Civil Rights Act
Law written to ban discrimination, creates protected classes (race, sex, religion, disability, age), if you are a state that continues to discriminate you will lose federal funding, -
Voting Rights Act
preclearance- states and local governments couldn’t deny people the right to vote because of race, jurisdictions that have previous cases of discrimination -
Civil Rights Act
The Civil Rights Act of 1968 defines housing discrimination as the "refusal to sell or rent a dwelling to any person because of his race, color, religion, or national origin". Title VIII of this Act is commonly referred to as the Fair Housing Act of 1968. -
California v. Bakke
School in California left 15 seats reserved to african americans and this was not the correct use of affirmative action because it gave the black students an advantage because they had 15 seats just for them then a white person sued because they didn't get and the court said it was not fair -
Gratz v. Bollinger
Affirmative action case in which The University of Michigan was using a 100 point system and minorities got 20 points for being one which gave them a huge advantage to get in which someone sued and they won saying it wasn't fair to non-minorities -
Meredith v. Jefferson Co Board
School in Seattle was saying there could be a certain amount of one race at a school parents of kids that got into a school they didnt want to sued and they were right it wasn't fair to force people to go to a school because there is too much of that race. -
Shelby County v. Holder
Shelby County, Alabama, filed suit in district court and sought both a declaratory judgment that Section 5 and Section 4(b) are unconstitutional and a permanent injunction against their enforcement. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit held that Congress did not exceed its powers by reauthorizing Section 5 and that Section 4(b) is still relevant to the issue of voting discrimination.