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The belief that the expansion of the US through the American continents was justifiable and inevitable.
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The Panic of 1873 was a financial crisis that triggered an economic depression for four years in North America and in Europe.
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Republican Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio was elected the 23rd president of the U.S. He oversaw the end of Reconstruction and began the efforts that led to civil service reform.
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when the Baltimore and Ohio railroad companies ordered to cut in more than 10% of the railroad workers pay, the railroad workers in Martinsburg, West Virginia went on strike,
