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Billy Bishop
Billy Bishop was a Canadian air force pilot in World War 1. In 1914, he became famous for flying over enemy territory and attacking one of Germany’s aerodromes, as well as shooting down three German planes. This showed some progress for Canada. There is now a airport in Toronto named after Billy Bishop.
Progress: +1
Theme: Social change -
Prime Minister Robert Borden Declare Canada's Entry Into World War 1
On August 5, 1914, Prime Minister Robert Borden declares that Canada will fight during the war with the British Empire against the Triple Alliance (Germany, Hungary-Austria, Italy). Progress: 0
Theme: Social, political change -
Francis Pegahmagabow
Francis Pegahmagobow was a sniper and one of over 3,000 Aboriginal soldiers who fought in World War 1. Francis fought during the battle of Yres and the battle of the Somme. During the Battle of Yres, within the first few days of battle, Francis already lost most of his teammates. Showing no progress for Canada against the Germans.
Progress: -2 -
Military Service Act
During 1917, the Canadian government enacted Military Service Act. The Act was for all men between the ages of twenty and forty-five, must go to war. This is also known as conscription. Many Canadians became hateful and angry, especially the French-Canadians who thought the war did not involve them. Many citizens participated in a riot in Montreal. Although, this showed progress in gaining more soldiers, it also tore and divided the country apart.
Progress: -1
Theme: Political, social change -
Jeremiah Jones
Jeremiah Jones was one of 16 other black soldiers who were assigned to the Royal Canadian Regiment. During the Battle of Vimy Ridge in April, 1917, Jeremiah rescued his team from a gun nest, which showed as a turning point for the Canadians during the war. This showed progress for Canada as Jeremiah became a hero. However, this was also not a full progress, seeing as other black soldiers were still discriminated against.
Progress: +1
Theme: Cultural change -
Halifax Explosion
On December 6, 1917, a French ship known as the Mont- Blanc, carrying explosives, collided with a Norwegian ship called the Imo. The Mont Blanc caught on fire then the ship exploded. More than 1,000 buildings were destroyed, almost 2,000 people died and over 7,000 were injured.
Progress: -1
Theme: Social change -
Mae Belle Sampson
Mae Belle Sampson was the first nurse in Hamilton to enlist to help overseas during World War 1. She worked in the Orpington hospital and onboard the Llandovery Castle, a hospital ship. Although this does show progress for women working during the war, it also is a decline because on June 27, 1918, the Germans torpedoed the hospital ship from their submarine. Only twenty-four of the 258 members one board survived. Mae Belle Sampson did not survive. Progress: -1
Theme: Cultural change -
End of War
On November 11, 1918, World War 1 had ended. Around this time the United States entered the war fighting against the Triple Alliance. On November 18, 1918 Germany had surrendered and an agreement to stop fighting for a certain period was signed. Many Canadian lives were lost and many were injured.
Progress: +2
Theme: Social, political change. -
Residential Schools
In 1920, Deputy Superintendent General of Indian Affairs, Duncan Campbell Scott and the national government made an agreement to create a residential school system for Metis, Inuit and First Nations children. All Indian children between the ages of seven to fifteen were forcibly removed from their homes and placed in the schools. These children were beaten and assaulted both physically and sexually.
Progress: -2
Theme: Cultural, political, social change. -
Women Become Known as "Persons"
Canada showed progress on October 18th 1929, when women were now called “persons”. It started when five Albertan Women, known as the Famous Five (Henrietta Muir Edwards, Nellie McClung, Louise McKinney, Irene Parlby and Emily Murphy) challenged the law when they asked if women were considered people. They told them “no”. In 1929, the British counsel changed their law and women were “persons”. Progress: +2
Theme: Political and Social change
