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Timeline Project Integration

By Musavvara

  • Yalta Conference

  • End of the Second World War in Europe

  • Potsdam Conference

  • Winston Churchill speaks of the Cold War in a speech at Fulton, Missourion 5 March 1946.

  • In a speech at the University of Zurich, Winston Churchill calls for thebuilding of a ‘kind of United States of Europe’.

  • Promoting Europe’s economic recovery (The Marshall Plan)

  • Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdomsign the Western European Union Treaty (Treaty of Brussels).

  • The Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC) is set upto coordinate the Marshall Plan.

  • The North Atlantic Treaty (NATO) is signed in Washington.

  • In a speech inspired by Jean Monnet, the French Foreign MinisterRobert Schuman proposes that France and Germany and any otherEuropean country wishing to join them pool their coal and steel resources('Schuman Declaration').

  • The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and FundamentalFreedoms is signed in Rome, Italy.

  • Germany, Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Paris establishing the European Coal andSteel Community (ECSC)

  • (Germany, Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands)sign the European Defence Community (EDC) Treaty inParis

  • ECSC Parliamentary Assembly with 78 members holds its firstmeeting.

  • The Common Market in coal and Steel ore comes into force

  • Election of Alcide De Gasperi (Christian Democrat, Italy) to thePresidency of the Common Assembly

  • The French National Assembly rejects the Treaty establishing the EuropeanDefence Community

  • The Warsaw Pact is signed.

  • Messina Conference

    the decision is taken to revive the European integration
    process.

  • Paul-Henri Spaak, Belgian Foreign Minister, submits a report on the draftCommunity Treaties establishing the EEC and Euratom.

  • Treaties of Rome

    Germany, Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands sign the Treaties establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) in Rome

  • Robert Schuman is elected President of the ParliamentaryAssembly which is to replace the ECSC Assembly

  • A conference in Stresa (Italy) lays the foundations for the Common AgriculturalPolicy (CAP)

  • Greece requests an Association Agreement with the EEC

  • European Free Trade Association(EFTA)

    by Austria, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Sweden,
    Switzerland and the United Kingdom is signed in Stockholm, Sweden

  • The Treaty establishing the Organisation for Economic Cooperation andDevelopment (OECD), which replaces the OEEC, is signed in Paris

  • Construction of the Berlin Wall

  • The United Kingdom formally applies for accession to the EEC

  • Spain formally applies for accession to the EEC

  • Norway formally applies for accession to the EEC

  • The regulations establishing a Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) enterinto force

  • General de Gaulle, President of the French Republic, states that Francedoubts that the United Kingdom has the political will to become a memberof the Community.

  • The Association Agreement signed by the EEC and Turkey enters intoforce

  • The Merger Treaty enters intoforce

  • France practices the ‘empty chair policy’, and breaks off negotiationson the financing of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP).

  • Luxembourg Compromise

    After conducting its ‘empty chair’ policy for seven months, France takes up its seat on the Council again; in return, it manages to ensure that the unanimous voting procedure continues to be applied when vital interests are at stake

  • The United Kingdom re-applies for accession to the Community. Ireland,Denmark and, shortly after, Norway, follow suit. General de Gaulle continuesto be reluctant to accept British accession.

  • Customs Union enters into force.

  • Invasion of Czechoslovakia

  • The transitional period of twelve years for the introduction of the commonmarket set out in the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community(EEC) comes to an end.

  • Treaty of Luxembourg

    It also decides to extend the budgetary powers of the European
    Parliament.

  • The Member States approve the Davignon Report on political cooperation.This is to allow Europe to speak with a single voice on major internationalissues.

  • The Council adopts the third medium-term economic policy programme.

  • Denmark, Ireland, Norway and the United Kingdom sign the Treaties ofAccession to the European Communities

  • Introduction of the ‘currency snake’: the Six undertake to limit the marginof fluctuation of exchange rates between their currencies to 2.25%.

  • First meeting of enlarged Parliament of 198 members followingaccession of the UK, Ireland and Denmark.

  • Greece formally applies for accession to the European Communities

  • The Treaty strengthening Parliament’s budgetary powers enters intoforce.

  • Parliament rejects budget for the first time.

  • Greece becomes the tenth member of the European Community

  • Belgium takes over the Presidency of the Council of the European Communities

  • The MEP Altiero Spinelli presents a draft Treaty establishing the EuropeanUnion to the European Parliament.

  • The European Parliament adopts the draft Treaty establishingthe European Union by a large majority (Spinelli Plan).

  • Signature of the Acts of Accession of Spain and Portugal

  • The Single European Act amending the Treaty of Rome is signed inLuxembourg

  • The Single European Act enters into force

  • Germany takes over the Presidency of the Council of the European Communities

  • Spain takes over the Presidency of the Council of the European Communities.

  • Velvet Revolutionin Czechoslovakia

  • The Schengen Agreement to abolish border checks is signed by Germany,the Benelux countries and France.

  • Malta formally applies for accession to the European Communities

  • First stepstowards the break-up of the Yugoslav Federation

  • Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact.

  • ‘Europe Agreements’ are signed with Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia.

  • Signature of the Treaty on European Union in Maastricht by theForeign and Finance Ministers of the Member States

  • Finland formally applies for accession to the European Communities

  • Italy ratifies the Treaty on European Union

  • The Netherlands ratifies the Treaty on European Union

  • Germany ratifies the Treaty on European Union

  • The Single European Market comes into force.

  • Czechoslovakia is divided into two States: the Czech Republic andthe Slovak Republic.

  • The Maastricht Treaty on European Union allocates furtherpowers to the European Parliament.

  • Adoption of the Action Plan for theEPP Group in the 1994-1999 parliamentary term: "Europe 2000 -Unity in Diversity".

  • Hungary formally applies for accession to the European Union.

  • Austria, Finland and Sweden become members of the EuropeanUnion.

  • The Schengen Agreement enters into force in Belgium, France,Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain.

  • Latvia formally applies for accession to the European Union.

  • The Dayton Agreement, on peace in the former Yugoslavia, is signed inParis

  • Customs Union between the EU and Turkey comes into force.

  • The Czech Republic formally applies for accession to the European Union

  • Denmark, Finland and Sweden sign the Schengen Agreement.

  • Agenda 2000

    The Commission presents Agenda 2000 – for a stronger and wider Union.
    The Commission names the countries likely to be in the first wave of enlargement of the EU: Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovenia and Cyprus. This choice is endorsed by the Luxembourg European Council (12-13 December 1997)

  • The Foreign Ministers of the European Union’s Member States sign theTreaty of Amsterdam.

  • Adoption of the Action Programmefor the fifth EP legislature "On the Way to the 21st Century".

  • Establishment of the European Central Bank.

  • Hungary, Poland and the Czech Republic join NATO.

  • The Treaty of Amsterdam enters into force

  • Denmark holds a referendum on transition to the single currency

  • The Treaty of Nice enters into force.

  • Euro notes and coins come into circulation in the twelve participatingMember States: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany,Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain.

  • The Treaty of Nice enters into force.

  • Italy takes over the Presidency of the Council of the European Union.

  • The Heads of State or Government and the Foreign Ministers sign theTreaty establishing a Constitution for Europe.

  • Spain is the first Member State to hold a referendum on the EuropeanConstitution (76.73% in favour).

  • European Union accession negotiations open with Turkey and Croatia.

  • XVII EPP Congress in Rome: ‘Our Aim, Your Europe’. This coincideswith the 30th Anniversary of the founding of the EPP.

  • the European Council approves the Europe 2020 Strategy and agrees five EU-level targets