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Formation of Independent Italy
This photo was chosen because it features the Italians fighting in unity during the Resurgence. It is important to see the true nature of Italy's unification because it was not a smooth, pleasing transition. The photo accurately demonstrates the strength the Italians had that allowed them to unite together. -
Papal States Taken Over By Italy
This photo was chosen because it demonstrates the change in boundaries after the Italians took over the Papal states. Before Italy took Papal territories, a previous treaty occurred that allowed the Papal states its own territory (colored green on the map), however, Italy took over the territory (pictured in orange). -
Failure of First Italo-Ethiopian War (Battle of Adwa)
This photo represents the gruesome nature of the battle. The overwhelming size of the Ethiopian army demonstrates the tough fight the Italians had to endure. The illustration shows the lack of weaponry the Italians had access to, ultimately leading to a defeat. -
Italy Invades and Takes Over Libya
This illustration shows the Italians' assertion of dominance over the people of Libya. It is clearly represented within this photo that the Italians had a powerful force that allowed them to take advantage of the Libyan people. The terror on the Libyan people's faces demonstrates the terror that the Italians brought -
Mussolini Kicked Out of Socialist Party
This photo demonstrates how Mussolini was rejected from the Socialist Party. Mussolini's rejection kicked him out from the Socialist newspaper, which meant he had to spread his ideas another way. This photo shows how Mussolini had to create his own newspaper to continue spreading his ideas -
Treaty of London
The Treaty of London was a treaty made in secrecy. This depiction of the event demonstrates the secretiveness behind the scenes. In the photo, not many people are present, showing how the event was hidden and deceptive -
Mussolini Begins Working For Avanti
This picture is an example of Mussolini's involvement within the newspaper company 'Avanti'. Mussolini would publish his ideas in newspapers similar to the one pictured. Overtime Mussolini's views shifted and he was no longer able to contribute to newspapers such as this one for the Socialist Party -
Beginning of Biennio Rosso
During the red years, Italy was on the verge of revolution. This photo is an example of how violence was organized and groups came together to protest together. Many different ideas were circulating at this time, which led to conflicts. This photo provides a clip that shows the organization of people within Italy. -
Fascio di Combattimento formed in Milan
This is a photo depicting the members of the Fascio di Combattimento. I chose this photo as it depicts the unity within the Fascio di Combattimento, as they all wear black business clothing. This photo also highlights the type of people who make up this organization; wealthy white men. -
D’Annunzio takes Fiume
This photo depicts D'Annunzio giving orders to his soldiers. I chose this photo as it shows the respect that D'Annunzio received from his legion. It also gives a insider perspective of those who marched on Fiume. -
Mussolini forms alliance with Giolitti
This graphic shows how Mussolini and Giolitti can use their combined influence to direct a group of soldiers. Their alliance established a relationship in which the two could collaborate. -
Mussolini forms the PNF (Fascist Party) and is elected its leader
This graphic depicts the PNF's emblem, which incorporates the fascist regime's symbol, the bundle. This flag exemplifies how, under Mussolini's rule, the PNF placed a great emphasis on fascism's pride and ambitions, as well as those of Italy. -
March on Rome and Mussolini becomes Prime Minister:
This photograph depicts the March on Rome. The image displays the known Black Shirts marching in a large crowd, waving flags and weapons, reflecting the brutality that occurred. This is significant as it highlights the emotions of the marchers which allows historians a first-person perspective. -
Acerbo Law passed
The picture illustrates the number of seats allocated to each political party during the Italian election of 1924. Following the implementation of the Acerbo Law, the fascist party led by Mussolini, the National List received an overwhelming majority of the seats in parliament. -
Corfu Incident
This image depicts Corfu's location in connection with Italy and Greece. The proximity of the two demonstrates how Italy was able to demand reparations from Greece while threatening invasion. -
Matteotti Crisis
The political cartoon depicts Mussolini sitting on top of Matteotti's casket, demonstrating how Mussolini was the cause of his death while attempting to avoid blame. This cartoon was popularized in the media, which eventually led to liberal questioning of Mussolini's election deception. -
Aventine Secession
This image shows the parallels between Ancient Rome and fascist Italy as in both governments, members departed in protest/opposition. This is significant because it highlights opposition from the government and emphasizes Mussolini's use of Ancient Rome as a symbol. -
Battle for Grain
This image in an example of a propaganda poster by Mussolini for the Battle for Grain campaign. This is important because it highlights the fascist aim of desiring Italy to become self-sufficient. -
Locarno Treaty signed
This image depicts the foreign ministers of Germany, Britain, and France during the Locarno negotiations. This is significant because it underscores the key leaders in the treaty that was designed to protect western Europe. -
Battle for Land and Battle for the Lira
This image illustrates Mussolini at the center of an assembly of Italian citizens. This ultimately showcases the impact the Mussolini's 'battles' will have on the public; the Battle for Land will harm Italian exports and the Battle of the Lira will cause a spike in unemployment. -
Battle for Births
The image portrays an example of the extent of Mussolini's control and regulation over reproduction in fascist Italy. This is significant because it shows the importance of having a larger population and the decline of women's rights in Italy. -
Kellogg-Briand Treaty signed
This image highlights the signing of the Kellogg-Briand Treaty which was aimed at further preventing a future war after World War I. This image showcases the different perspectives involved in the signing of the treaty. -
Lateran Treaty with Pope
The image depicts Mussolini and the Pope during the signing and negotiations of the Lateran Treaty. This is influential since the treaty was aimed at resolving the conflict between the church and the state. This is also significant because this led to the recognized sovereignty of each other. -
Abyssinian Crisis
The image demonstrates Italy's other African territories and their proximity to Abyssinia, illuminating the country's desire to conquer that country and further its imperialistic objectives. -
Stresa Front
The image reveals the location of the states of the Stresa Conference and Nazi Germany. This event was significant because it was the first attempt to stop Hitler's regime before the start of World War II with the countries of France, Britain, and Italy. -
Rome-Berlin Axis Treaty signed
I chose this photo because Mussolini and Hitler are illustrated together as the Rome-Berlin axis served as the foundation for the alliance between Italy and Germany that would result in the Pact of Steel in 1939. -
Italian involvement with Spanish Civil War
The image depicts Italian soldiers who fought in the Spanish Civil War, demonstrating Mussolini's participation in the conflict despite a non-intervention pact. -
Munich Conference
In this photo, the agreement between Italy, Germany, and France is shown. The leaders of the countries are pictured signing a paper stating that Czechoslovakia will surrender its borders and defense to Germany. This photo was chosen because it shows all of the leaders coming together to form an agreement. -
Italy Invades Albania
This photo was chosen because it shows the great lengths Italy took to secure its power in Albania. Many people and vehicles are pictured, demonstrating the resources Italy used to may its way into Albania -
Italy Enters WWI On Germany's Side
This picture was chosen because it demonstrates how significance Italy's new alliance was. For awhile Italy remained neutral but eventually joined Germany's side. The title of the newspaper shows how shocking the alliance truly was. -
Mussolini Brought Down By Coup
This photo was chosen because it features a newspaper about Mussolini being removed from power. Despite Mussolini's control over the media, this newspaper publication demonstrates how he truly lost power in 1943 -
Mussolini Is Killed
This photo was chosen because it shows Mussolini after he was beaten and hung. This image reveals how violently his body was treated. This photo is important as it once provided a feeling of comfort to some Italians despite its gruesome nature.