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Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott was a slave brought into a free state by his owner. He started a case claiming that he should now be a free man. The supreme court decided that he is still a slave and Sandford's right of property should still be protected. -
13th Amendment
Slavery was abolished -
14th Amendment
Anyone born in the US is a citizen -
15th Amendment
Rights of the citizens cannot be taken away by the state for race -
Poll Taxes
Was a legal way of preventing Black people from voting in the united states. A fixed cost of tax that everyone must pay. -
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White Primary
tried to disenfranchise black people from voting. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
A landmark 1896 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine. The case stemmed from an 1892 incident in which African-American train passenger Homer Plessy refused to sit in a car for blacks. -
Brown v. Board of education
U.S. Supreme Court Justice Warren delivered the unanimous ruling in the landmark civil rights case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. State sanctioned segregation of public schools was a violation of the 14th amendment and was unconstitutional. -
Affirmative Action
To ensure that applicants are employed, and employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or natural origin, Kennedy passed affirmative action. The purpose of affirmative action is to establish fair access to employment opportunities to create a workforce that is an accurate reflection of the demographics of the qualified available workforce in the relevant job market. -
24th Amendment
There's no taxes for voting -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Discrimination's not allowed because of race, sex, religion, or nationality. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Discriminatory voting's not allowed. There is no longer a need to meet prerequisites or take a literacy test. -
Reed v. Reed
An Equal Protection case in the United States in which the Supreme Court ruled that the administrators of estates cannot be named in a way that discriminates between sexes. -
Equal Rights Amendment
A proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex. It seeks to end the legal distinctions between men and women in terms of divorce, property, employment, and other matters. -
Regents of U.C vs. Bakke
The Court ruled unconstitutional a university's use of racial quotas in its admissions process, but held that affirmative action programs could be constitutional in some circumstances. -
Bowers v. Hardwick
The decision was overturned by the 2003 decision Lawrence v. Texas. In Bowers v. Hardwick (1986), the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution does not protect the right of gay adults to engage in private, consensual sodomy. The U.S. Supreme Court upheld (5–4) a Georgia state law banning sodomy. -
Americans with disabilities
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in several areas, including employment, transportation, public accommodations, communications and access to state and local government' programs and services. The requirements are to be applied during the design, construction, additions to, and alteration of sites, facilities, buildings, and elements to the extent required by regulations issued by Federal agencies. -
19th Amendment
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. -
Lawrence V. Texas
The Court overturned a Texas anti-sodomy law as a violation of the right to privacy and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. In Lawrence v. Texas, the Supreme Court ruled that state laws banning homosexual sodomy are unconstitutional as a violation of the right to privacy. U.S. Supreme Court ruled 6–3, and that a Texas state law criminalizing certain intimate sexual conduct between two consenting adults of the same sex was unconstitutional. -
Obergefell V. Hodges
The United States Supreme Court held in a 5-4 decision that same-sex marriage is protected under the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment. Consequently, same-sex marriages bans were struck down as unconstitutional. The United States Supreme Court held in a 5-4 decision that same-sex marriage is protected under the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment. Consequently, same-sex marriages bans were struck down as unconstitutional.
