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German writer and statesman, his writings were very influential on our romantic composers
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Italian composer, wrote French opera: Lodoiska (1791), on founding faculty of Paris Conservatory and became its director
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A French Military Dictator who conquered much of Europe
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transitional from classical to romantic style. He composed 9 symphonies, 1 bad opera, piano music, Lieder, and chamber music. He was a Virtuoso pianist. He was hard of hearing.
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Composed the first German Romantic opera "Der Freischutz"
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Jewish German composer who studied in Italy and composed French opera in Pairs
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Most important opera composer in early 19th century and the most famous composer in Europe in the early 19th century
continued Mozart's operatic style -
Composed in all genres, over 600 Lieder
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One of the most important early innovators of new orchestration and genres, he wrote a treatise on orchestration, one of the first conductors to stand in front of the orchestra and conduct
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Beethoven's only opera
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Older sister of Felix, they died the same year. She was a child prodigy. Used F. Mendelssohn because if she published under her name it could bring shame to the family
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Brother of Fanny. He revived J.S. Bach's music
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More minor keys, Larger orchestras and choirs, longer pieces, more percussion and brass, Phrasing less symmetrical and more expansive, ascending 6ths favored in melodies.
New genres: Character pieces and Tone poems -
Important as an editor and promoter of music
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Pianist and Composer, found great success in the salons
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He changed opera, harmony, and music in general.
Music Dramas
Leitmotiv: a short motif assigned to a person, place, or thing -
The most important Italian composer in the mid to late 19th century. He was primarily an opera composer. Very famous
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a keyed brass instrument with a range similar to a trombone, patented by Jean Hilaire Aste. Has a family of different sizes.
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the decrees placed limits on freedom of expression by individuals
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Virtuoso pianist, composer, wife of Robert Schumann
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known for his operettas like La belle Helene, and Orphee aux enfers
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London opened its music school
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Bohemian, he's best known for his programmatic cycle of 6 symphonic poems called Ma Vlast. He is considered the founder of Czech music, pianist and child prodigy. in 1874 was completely deaf
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first American to make a living as a professional songwriter, but died a broke alcoholic.
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young composer, German romantic composer, continued classical traditions. He was one of the first editors of J. S. Bach's music, he favored absolute music
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He blended styles into opera comique with Carmen (1875)
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Trained musically in the west, composed 8 operas, 7 symphonies, piano concertos, and many more
Ballets:
Swan Lake (1877)
The Sleeping Beauty (1890)
The Nutcracker (1892) -
from Bohemia, Czechoslovakian nationalist composer. Wrote many symphonies.
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founded in 1842
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The most important Italian composer after Verdi. Wrote some of the last great operas written in Italian tradition of Bel Canto
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Bridged the Austro-German romantic traditions of composing with the new modern styles of composing
Some of his music is suspected to have been destroyed in the bombing of Dresden
Maximalist -
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invention of the Phonograph
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One of the most famous Russian ballet dancers of recent times