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1551
Caccini (1551-1618)
Giulio Caccini was a Italian composer, singer,teacher,and instrumentalist. He was one of the founders of opera,he gave description of the new singing style in his book of "songs" of 1602
Caccini has made more than 75 songs or arias and 4 stage works
his genre he commonly composed was opera -
1557
Giovanni Gabrieli (ca. 1557-1612)
Giovanni Gabrieli was an Italian composer and organist, he was noted for his use of instruments in his sacred music
Gabrieli has made 90 motets and a grand concertos instrumental music
his genre he commonly composed was early music -
1561
Peri (1561-1633)
Jacopo Peri was one of the founders of opera, he claimed to be the first in 1597 with his Dafne, he was a significant contribution to monody and the recitative style
Peri has made 30 songs and 20 stage works
his genre he commonly composed was opera -
1563
John Dowland (ca. 1563-1626)
John Dowland was a lutenist and the leading composer of lute music, in his late life he was appointed in London as one of the King's lutenists
Dowland has made 3 books, many pieces of lute, and some sacred music
his genre he commonly composed was early music -
1564
Shakespeare (1564-1616)
William Shakespeare was a English playwright and poet an has been an important force in the field of music from his days to ours -
1567
Monteverdi (1567-1643)
Claudio Monteverdi was an important composer of the early Baroque, was one of the inventors of the new seconda pratica
his genre he commonly composed was his genre he commonly composed was Opera, madrigal, classical music, ballet, and baroque music -
1570
Florentine Camerata (1570s-1590s)
Beginning in the 1570s a group of intellectuals that met to discuss the arts,the members included Caccini, Girolamo, Mei, Peri, and Vincenzo Galilei -
Frescobaldi (1583-1625)
Girolamo Frescobaldi was the first modern keyboard virtuoso and composer and was the most influential keyboard composer of the early Baroque Era, and was the first European composer to focus on instrumental music
Frescobaldi has made sacred and secular vocal works and instrumental works
his genre he commonly composed early music -
Schütz (1585-1672) Mid-Baroque
Heinrich Schütz was the most important German composer of the mid-Baroque era, reportedly composed the first German opera
Schütz ha made hundreds of choral works and madrigals
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque music -
Gibbons (1586-1625)
Orlando Gibbons was a English keyboardist, composer of the Anglican Church anthems, and he was a leading composer in the 17th century England
Gibbons has made anthems, consort music, and sacred choral music
his genre he commonly composed was early music -
Period: to
Early Baroque (1600-1650)
The most significant changes in the musical style was around the 1600 which the development of functional tonality which was reflected in the modern major/minor key system
The Baroque era the have improved to stringed instruments to organs, there were technical improvements to the harpsichord and which gave away to the invention to the piano in the 18th century, and the oboe emerged in the 17th century as a successor of the shawm -
Carissimi (1605-1674)
Giacomo Carissimi was a leading composer of Roman cantstas and oratorios and was a teacher of Charpentier
Carissimi has made 150+ cantatas, motets, oratorios, and maybe only 1 mass
his genre he commonly composed was Latin oratorio -
Gunpowder Plot
Guy Fawkes, Thomas Percy and Thomas Winter English were all Catholics and planned to assassinate King James and blow up Parliament, which was discovered on November 5, 1605 -
Galileo Proves Copernican System Correct
Galileo Galilei published in Sidereus nuncius the results of his telescopic observations. Galileo published the Copernican system in which the planets circle the sun was correct -
Thirty Years War Begins
The Thirty Years war began when two Catholic members of the Prague Diet were thrown out of the window by Protestants. -
Strozzi (1619-1677) Mid-Baroque
Barbara Strozzi was a Virtuoso singer and was most prolific composer of cantatas in the 17th century, she was the adopted daughter of poet Guilio Strozzi
Strozzi has made arias, madrigal, and cantatas
Her genre she commonly composed was Baroque -
Legrenzi (1626-1690) Mid-Baroque
Giovanni Legrenzi was a Italian composer and organist and he was influencial in the Mid-Baroque period. He used up to 90 short arias in his operas
Legrenzi has made 7 oratorios, sacred and secular vocal works, and 19 operas
his genre he commonly composed was operas -
Lully (1632-1687) Mid-Baroque
Jean- Baptiste Lully was an Establisher of French opera and ballet, he was a dancer and violinist
Lully has made 30+ ballets, motets, instrumental works, and 16 operas
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Buxtehude (ca. 1637-1707) Mid-Baroque
Dieterich Buxtehude was an German organist and composer,he was the most important organ composer before Bach and was respected by Bach
Buxtehude has made 100+works for organ, instrumental works, and 100+ sacred vocal works
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Charpentier (1643-1704) Mid-Baroque
Marc-Antoine Charpentier was a composer of French opera, he was a puoil of Carissimi and he was equal to Lully and extremely prolific
Charpentier has made 11 masses, magnificats, motets, antiphons, psalms, oratorios, airs, cantatas, operas, incidental music, and instrumental works
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Blow (1648/49- 1708) Mid-Baroque
John Blow was a organist and English composer of odes
Blow has made duets and trios, instumental anthems, many other sacred works which were over 100 songs -
Treaty of Westphalia
On October 24, 1648 The Treaty of Westphalia was signed at Munster which was the bringing to an end the Thirty Years War. The war, which was mostly fought in Germany, resulted in the destruction of 18,000 villages, 1,500 towns and 2,000 castles. -
Period: to
Middle Baroque (1650-1700)
The Mid-Baroque was cultivated in instrumental genres resulting in fugues,chaconnes,and passacaglias. instrumental music took a new lead which created new genres such as concerto,sonata,and trio. Secular and sacred music existed side by side and secular music eventually takes the lead in the Mid-Baroque. Melodies became more clearly organized with the uses of compositional techniques like repetition, sequence, and contrast.The most important developments in form began to occur in the 17 century -
Corelli (1653-1713) Mid-Baroque
Arcangelo Corelli was a important Italin composer of sonatas and concertos, he also was the most influential violinist of the Baroque
Corelli has published 6 collections
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Pachelbel (1653-1706) Mid-Baroque
Johann Pachelbel was a German organist and composer and was a leading composer of his time
Pachelbel has made 2 masses, liturgical organ music, Protestant church music, and other keyboard works
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Torelli (1658-1709) Mid-Baroque
Giuseppe Torelli was a virtuoso violinist and contributed the most to the development of the concerto around 1700 and he wrote for trumpet and strings
Torelli has made 5 collections of chamber works (sonatas, sinfonias, and concertos)
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Purcell (1659-1695) Mid-Baroque
Henry Purcell was the most important English composer in the 17th century
Purcell has made 6 stage works, songs, anthems, sacred music, keyboard works, and incidental music
his genre he commonly composed was opera and Baroque -
Scarlatti (1660-1725) Late-Baroque
Alessandro Scarlatti was an important Italian composer, he was a teacher in Naples, his death ends Baroque opera
Scarlatti has made many operas, oratorios, serenatas,arias, hundreds of cantatas, 10 masses,motets, madrigals, keyboard works,concertos, theoretical and pedagogical works
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Couperin (1668-1733) Late-Baroque
François Couperin was a French composer, keyboardist and he was one of the most important French composers
Couperin has made 27 ordres or sets of keyboard works,sacred and secular vocal works, and chamber music
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque music -
Newton Explains Calculus
In 1669 Isaac Newton published his basic theories to calculus -
Newton's Reflecting Telescope
Isaac Newton presented his reflecting telescope to the Royal Society in England -
Vivaldi (1678-1741)
Antonio Vivaldi was a Italian composer and teacher, he laid the foundations for late Baroque instrumental music, he was a pioneer of orchestral music, but he was virtually forgotten by his contemporaries at his death
Vivaldi has made 350 solo concerti,425 concerti grossi, 45 double concerti, 60 ripieni concerti, sonatas, masses, psalms, motets, cantetas, 45 operas, serenatas, and oratorios
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Telemann (1681-1767) Late-Baroque
George Philipp Telemann was the most prolific German composer of his day, he was popular that L.S. Bach during the Baroque, he contributed significantly to concert life in German
Telemann has made Passions, cantatas,oratorios, masses, psalms, motets, operas, overtures, concertos, sonatas, quartets and quintets, keyboard works, and theoretical publications
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Rameau (1683-1764) Late-Baroque
Jean-Philippe Rameau was a French composer and theorist, he was known for first as a theorist
Rameau has made cantatas, aria, 30+dramatic works, keyboard works, other instrumental works, and theoretical publications
his genre he commonly composed Baroque -
Scarlatti (1685-1757) Late-Baroque
Domenico Scarlatti was a keyboard composer and virtuoso, he was the son of Alessandro, he served Portuguese and Spanish royal families, progressive style and personally aware of it
Scarlatti has made keyboard exercises,vocal works, operas, 550+ sonatas for harpsichord,and catatas
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Late-Baroque
Johann Sebastian Bach was considered the Baroque master, he didn't write any operas, he was a master of counterpoint, Bach became an iconfor future generations and is still one of the most revered composers today
Bach has made Masses, 205+ catatas mostly Lutheran,Magnificat, motets, oratorios, suites, Passions, fugues, concertos, chorales, saonatas, and keyboard works
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque -
Handel (1685-1759) Late-Baroque
Georg Friedrich Handel was a German musician, he was the inventor of the English oratorio, Beethoven respected him above all others
Handel has made Latin and English church music, Italian cantatas, 46 dramatic works, oratorios, odes, duets and trios with basso continuo, songs, concertos, suites, overtures, sonatas, Keyboard works
his genre he commonly composed was Classical -
Quantz (1697-1773) Late-Baroque
Johann Joachim Quantz was a German composer, flutist and flute teacher for Fredrick the Great in Berlin
Quantz has made duets, capriccios, vocal works,300+ concertos, 204 sonatas, published treatise On Playing the Flute, 1752
his genre he commonly composed was Baroque music -
Steam Pump
Thomas Slavery invented the first steam pump, this design was to help pump water out of flooded mines but it was limited by the fact that it could only pump water up 25 feet -
Piano invention
Bartolomeo Cristofori invented the piano, Cristofori was unsatisfied by the lack of control that musicians had over the volume level -
Period: to
Late Baroque (1700-1730-50)
By the late Baroque instrumental music rose further in significance and importance with continued experimention with the construction of the keyboard leads to the emergence of pianoforte prototypes,string instruments still comprised the primary secions in all ensembles.Virtuosos on the violin ,flute and oboe began to make successfull careerd. By this time bassoons wer not limited to the basso continuo part even-though they often play it.Melodies were often long. -
Giovanni battista Pergolesi (1710-1736) Late Baroque
Giovanni battista Pergolesi was a Galant Neapolitan composer,he died young and his achievements were romanticized after his death, Pergolesi's intermezzo, la serva padrona sparked the war of the bouffons in Paris in 1752
Pergolesi has made sacred vocal works, chamber cantatas, arias, 10+ dramatic works, and instrumental works
his genre he commonly composed was operas and Baroque music -
Flying Shuttle
John Kay invented the Flying Shuttle, this allowed wool to be produced much more efficiently. Before the Flying Shuttle wool could only be produced to the width of a mans arm
