Elsa Lemus Timeline #1

By ElsaLemus
  • Period: 2686 BCE to 2181 BCE

    Old Kingdom Egyptian

  • Period: 2600 BCE to 1250 BCE

    Minoans--Civilization

    • Crete.
    • Wealth, magnificence, palaces.
    • Peaceful
    • Invaded and overpowered by the Mycenaeans.
  • Period: 2181 BCE to 2040 BCE

    First Intermediate Period

    – Competing nobles vied for power.
    – Collapse of central authority.
    – Failure of irrigation system.
  • Period: 2040 BCE to 1786 BCE

    Middle Kingdom

    – Restoration of strong pharaohs.
    – Return of order and authority.
    – Egypt expands south; conquest of Nubia.
    • Acquisition of gold
    – Extension of trade with Palestine, Syria, and Crete
  • Period: 2000 BCE to 1100 BCE

    Mycenaeans--Civilization

    • Borrowed heavily from Minoan culture.
    • Traders.
    • Internally divided and contentious
    • Warriors
    • Discovered by Heinrich Schliemann in 1870s.
  • Period: 1792 BCE to 1750 BCE

    Hammurabi--Important Person

    • Collection of written laws.
    • Law rested on the authority of the gods.
    • Penalties varied by social status and by extenuating circumstances.
  • Period: 1786 BCE to 1750 BCE

    Second Intermediate Period

    – Nobles gain in power at expense of that of pharaohs.
    – Loss of Nubia.
    – New Kingdom (1570-1085, began when Hyksos were driven from Egypt.
    – Egyptians no longer complacent about their borders.
  • Period: 1570 BCE to 1085 BCE

    New Kingdom

    – Aggressive and expansionist
    • Reached to Euphrates River.
    – Amenhotep IV, (1369-1353, bce)
    • Became Akhenaton
    • Monotheism!
    – Not accepted by
  • Period: 1450 BCE to 1200 BCE

    Hittites--Civilization

    – Aggressive
    – Well-trained army
    – Extensive use of iron weapons and tools
  • Period: 1100 BCE to 612 BCE

    Assyrians--Civilization

    – Siege weapons
    – Armor
    – Efficient administrators
    – Nineveh sacked by Chaldeans in 612 bc
  • Period: 1100 BCE to 800 BCE

    Greek Dark Ages

    • Migrations / Invasions.
    • Dorians Peloponnesus.
    • Ionians Attica, and later Asia Minor.
    • Eventually trade and urban life revived.
    • Writing using borrowed Phoenician alphabet.
  • 722 BCE

    Northern Kingdom Falls

    – After the death of Solomon
    -- Fell to Assyrians
    – Assimilated into Assyrianculture.
    – Ten “Lost Tribes”
  • Period: 624 BCE to 548 BCE

    Thales of Miletus

    • Contemporary of Solon
    • Sought to understand the order of nature
    • Believed water was the basic element
    • Omitted the gods from his account of origins of nature
    • Sought natural explanations only.
    • First recorded prediction of a solar eclipse.
  • Period: 612 BCE to 539 BCE

    Neo-Babylonian or Chaldean Empire

    – Nebuchadnezzar
    – Hanging Gardens
  • Period: 611 BCE to 547 BCE

    Anaximander

    • Rejected Thales’ ideas about centrality of water.
    • “Boundless” was the source of all things.
    • Explained the creation of the world and all things in it by natural means and without relying on gods or creation myths.
  • Period: 580 BCE to 507 BCE

    Pythagoras--Important Person

    • Nature of things is to be found in Mathematical Relationships
    • Musical scale represented in math.
    • Religious mystics who believed in transmigration of souls
    • Therefore refused to eat meat because it contained former humansouls.
  • Period: 550 BCE to 336 BCE

    Persia--Civilization

    – Cyrus the Great
    – Cambyses
    – Satraps
    – Respected local traditions and religions
    – Universal language, Aramaic
    – Roads, weights, coins
    – Zoroaster / Zarathustra
    – Ahura Mazda
    – Ahriman
    – Rejected polytheism & blood sacrifices
    – Stressed ethical behavior
  • 538 BCE

    Conquer of Babylon

    Conquer of Babylon
    --Persians capture Babylon.
    --King Cyrus permits Jews to return to Jerusalem
    --Temple rebuilt by 515 bce
  • Period: 495 BCE to 429 BCE

    Pericles--Important Person

    • Period of outstanding achievement in sculpture, politics, drama, architecture, and philosophy.
    • Dramatists
    • Aeschylus
    • Sophocles
    • Euripides
    • Historians
    • Herodotus
    • Thucydides
  • 490 BCE

    Darius I invaded Attica--War

    Greeks defeat Persians at Marathon
  • 480 BCE

    Xerxes invades--War

    • Many Greek city-states unite in a rare display of unity and cooperation to oppose the Persian invasion.
    • Delian League
  • 479 BCE

    Battle of Plataea--War

    Battle of Plataea--War
    • Significant land victory for Greeks.
  • Period: 469 BCE to 399 BCE

    Socrates--Important Person

    • Sought the improvement (perfection) of the individual character, the achievement of moral excellence.
    • Moral values:
    • Attained from regulation of life according to objective standards which are arrived at through rational reflection.
    • Subject all human beliefs to reason
    • Remove tradition, authority, myth, superstition
    • Tireless and endless introspection.
    • An exchange or dialogue based on reasoned arguments.
    • Students become thinking participants in the acquisition of knowledge.
  • Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE

    Peloponnesian War--War

    • Delian League (Athens) versus Peloponnesian League (Sparta)
    • Peloponnesian League invaded Attica
    • Inflicted damage but not decisively so.
    • Plague kills 33% of Athenians, including Pericles.
    • Truce in 421 bce.
    • Athenians attempt to colonize Sicily.
    • Sparta resumes fight against Athens and defeats the city in 404.
    • Delian League is dissolved.
    • Athenian walls are reduced
    • Athenian navy is reduced
    • End of Athenian hegemony
    • Shatters the spirit of Hellenic society.