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Georges-Louis Leclerc
Georges Louis Leclerc, Comte of Buffon ( 7 September 1707 – 16 April 1788) was a French naturalist, mathematician, cosmologist, and encyclopedic author. His works influenced the next two generations of naturalists, including Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and Georges Cuvier. Buffon published thirty-six quarto volumes of his Histoire naturelle during his lifetime; with additional volumes based on his notes and further research being published in the two decades following his death. -
Thomas Robert Malthus
Malthus has become widely known for his theories about population and its increase or decrease in response to various factors. The six editions of his An Essay on the Principle of Population, published from 1798 to 1826, observed that sooner or later population gets checked by famine and disease. He wrote in opposition to the popular view in 18th-century Europe that saw society as improving and in principle as perfectible. -
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de la Marck , known simply as Lamarck, was a French naturalist. He was a soldier, biologist, academic, and an early proponent of the idea that evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with natural laws. -
Georges Cuvier
Georges Chrétien Léopold Dagobert Cuvier (August 23, 1769 – May 13, 1832), known as Georges Cuvier, was a French naturalist and zoologist. Cuvier was a major figure in natural sciences research in the early 19th century, and was instrumental in establishing the fields of comparative anatomy and paleontology through his work in comparing living animals with fossils. He is well known for establishing extinction as a fact. -
Alfred Russel Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, biologist and anthropologist. He is best known for proposing a theory of evolution due to natural selection that prompted Charles Darwin to publish his own theory -
Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin, was an English naturalist. He proposed a theory that all species of life have descended over time .He also proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection, -
The Origin of Species
In 1858, Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace published a new evolutionary theory that was explained in detail in Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859)
