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Period: to
Military developments in 1936
At first general Franco lead the african troops inm the south and general Emilio Mola commands the army from the north. Francoists took Badajoz and Mola´s took Gipuzkoa.
Then the nationalists took Toledo, resulting in a simbolic victory.
In November, rebels reached the capital, where the republicans resist with international help -
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Franco´s consolidation of power
In september 1936 Franco is appointed as "generalísimo" by the rebel forces. His government was established in Burgos. the 18 november of 1936 Germany and Italy recognised Franco´s Government. In april 1937 a one party state was stablished as the rightist political groups united into one party (FET y de las JONS) In March 1939 Franco´s government was recognised by France and Britain and national Catholicism was established. -
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Revolution or victory
Francisco Largo Caballero formed a coalition government for unifying thye republic, wich had a lack of discipline and army organisation.
The communists were the most divided group:
-The POUM, CNT and FAI. They thoght that the war could be a chance for a revolution.
-The PCE and PSUC joined together and believed that the victory was the main objective. -
The start of the war
The civil war in Spain started mainly because a military coup wich was supported by the conservatives ( the carlist, the falange, regionalist league and the CEDA votants).
The civil war was a result of a double failure:
-The partial failure of the military coup: the army was divided. Also there were armed militias in Madrid and Barcelona.
-The failure of the Republican government: when they tried to distribute weapons, it was too late. -
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The uprising
17: fist in Morocco, by the african army wich is the most prepared
18: Francisco franco arrived and declared a state of war. Part of the south and the north is controled by the rebels.
19: the uprising is defeated in Madrid and Barcelona. Pais vasco, Cataluña and Valencia remain loyal. -
The divided Spain
Spain was divided in two zones:
The rebel zone: controled one third of the country and they remained in the hands of the army. The loyal zone: had control of the main industrial centres, Their defense was based in an inexperienced army of volunteers, the militia and the soviet advisors. -
Civil war within a Civil war
In may 1937 the two communist sides confronted together and Francisco Largo Caballero quited. The president of the republic is now Juan Negrín -
Period: to
Military developments in 1937
In the North the Gernika bombing helped the nationalists, wich gained Bizcaia, Cantabria and Asturias. This were main industrilised strategic areas. -
Period: to
Military developments in 1938
Battle of Teruel: Nationalists gain a strategic victorty for advancing to the mediterranen coast and isolate Cataluña.
Battle of the Ebro: it is an all-out campaign lauched by the republican government for reconnecting their territory. It failed and Franco invaded Cataluña. -
Period: to
Military developments in 1939
A plot within the government in valencia caused its government to fall and the president, Juan Negrín, flees to France.
Nationalists took Madrid on 28 March. -
End of the war
By March 31, Nationalists controlled all Spanish territory and Republican forces surrender. Franco proclaims victory on 1 April
