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Republicans and Socialists agree to overthrow the monarchy and they created the Revolutionary Commitee.
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Niceto Alcalá Zamora was named president of the Republic and Manuel Azaña president of the government. He introduced ambitious reforms like: The Statue of Autonomy for Cataluña, the subordination of the army, the expallation of the jesuits and the Agrarian reform
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There were the first free elections after Primo de Rivera's coup in 1921 and the elections were understood as a referendum on the monarchy.
Monarchists won but the Republicans had a victory in the large cities and Alfonso XIII left the country. -
The Republic is proclaimed and the Revolutionary Committee becomes the Provisional Republican Government.
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Democratic & progressive features: Popular sovereignty, the division of powers, declaration of civil rights, and declaration of collective rights ; Secularism: No official state religion ; Regionalism: Status of Autonomy were acknowledged ; Social economy: The State was allowed to take properties from owners and they created the worker's rights.
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The CEDA and the PRR won the elctions of 1933, Alejandro Lerroux managed, with the support of CEDA to reverse the reforms. Some PSOE's leaders like Francisco Largo Caballero called a general strike which grew into the Revolution of October 1934, in which Cataluña declared itself independent and the miners from Asturias staged an armed revolt. There was also a corruption scandal which forced Lerroux to resign.
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The left-wing parties united to form the Popular Front, and the right-wing was divided into the Bloque Nacional and the Falange Española. The Popular Front won the elections, Azaña was named President of the Republic and Santiago Casares Quiroga was appointed s head of the government. A military conspiracy started and Emilio Mola was transferred to Pamplona and Francisco Franco to the Canary Islands.
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There was a lot of street violence (Between adverse groups) with assassinations and church arson. Lieutenant Castillo was muredered and in revenge Calvo Sotelo was kidnapped and killed. Emilio Mola staged a military coup supported by the Carlists and the Falange. The 17th of July, Spanish soldiers seized control of Ceuta, Melilla and Tetúan. The war started