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Pact of San Sebastián
Republicans and Socialists agree to overthrow the monarchy and they created the Revolutionary Commitee. -
Period: to
Reformist biennium
Niceto Alcalá Zamora was named president of the Republic and Manuel Azaña president of the government. He introduced ambitious reforms like: The Statue of Autonomy for Cataluña, the subordination of the army, the expallation of the jesuits and the Agrarian reform -
Municipal Elections
There were the first free elections after Primo de Rivera's coup in 1921 and the elections were understood as a referendum on the monarchy.
Monarchists won but the Republicans had a victory in the large cities and Alfonso XIII left the country. -
Proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic
The Republic is proclaimed and the Revolutionary Committee becomes the Provisional Republican Government. -
The Constitution of 1931
Democratic & progressive features: Popular sovereignty, the division of powers, declaration of civil rights, and declaration of collective rights ; Secularism: No official state religion ; Regionalism: Status of Autonomy were acknowledged ; Social economy: The State was allowed to take properties from owners and they created the worker's rights. -
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The Black biennium
The CEDA and the PRR won the elctions of 1933, Alejandro Lerroux managed, with the support of CEDA to reverse the reforms. Some PSOE's leaders like Francisco Largo Caballero called a general strike which grew into the Revolution of October 1934, in which Cataluña declared itself independent and the miners from Asturias staged an armed revolt. There was also a corruption scandal which forced Lerroux to resign. -
Period: to
The Popular Front
The left-wing parties united to form the Popular Front, and the right-wing was divided into the Bloque Nacional and the Falange Española. The Popular Front won the elections, Azaña was named President of the Republic and Santiago Casares Quiroga was appointed s head of the government. A military conspiracy started and Emilio Mola was transferred to Pamplona and Francisco Franco to the Canary Islands. -
Period: to
The Start of the Civil War
There was a lot of street violence (Between adverse groups) with assassinations and church arson. Lieutenant Castillo was muredered and in revenge Calvo Sotelo was kidnapped and killed. Emilio Mola staged a military coup supported by the Carlists and the Falange. The 17th of July, Spanish soldiers seized control of Ceuta, Melilla and Tetúan. The war started