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The Mongols appeared in China in 1200, and struck fear in the towns they would approch. The Mongols used brutal force and superior tactics in taking over towns.
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The nomadic people of the Mongols came from Central Asia and created the largest land empire.
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By the time Genish Kan died the Mongols were in control of Central Asia.
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Kublai Khan became the Great Khan of the Mongol Empire.
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The Mongol ruler Kublai Khan conqured China and founded the Yan dynasty.
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When Kublai Khan died the empire struggled for power.
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Black Death wiped out most of Europe and also was introduced in Asia and the Middle East.
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The Chinese factions rebeled against the Yan dynasty
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A rebel army deafeated the Mongols. The Mongols fled to the city of Mancharia which ended the foregin rule in China.
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A peasent named Zhu Yuanzhnag aslo known as Hongwu, over through the last Mongol emperor, then creating the Ming dynasty.
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Once Hongwu died his son took over and become the emoperor, ruling from 1402-1424.
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When Yonglo was in rule he moved the Ming capital to Bejing and build the great Imerial City which is now known as The Forbidden City. He also intruduced the introduction of overseas vouages.
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A chinese Muslim admiral named Zheng HW led over seven voyages accross the Indian Ocean all the way to Africa. He led over 600 ship to these destinations to show the Chinese power on the water. All of this increased China's growing power.
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Zheng He ended the over sea voyages becasue they had become to big of an economical issue and Chinese officals siad that it would be better off using the money for other resources.
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The Ming emperor strictly controlled the outside contact of trade the only ports that were availible to them were a few chinese ports such as Canton and were still under tight restrictions.
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The Ming emperors also shut down the ports because the European traders introduced new good ideas but the emperors wanted to preserve chinese traditions.
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The Ming dynasty imporved the ways of irrigationg which helped with farm production. The American crops reached China such as corn and sweet potatos which aslo helped with farming. All of these improvments led to population growth and need for Chinses goods by the Europeans.
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Because of many weak rulers in the Ming dynasty led the corruption and higher taxes.
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An Italian Jesuit priest named Matteo Ricci learned the Chinese languafe and the customs so he could be accepted by them to teach them there tradtitions. He became a part of the Ming court and began to tech them about mathmatics and science.
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When the Europeans came the Mongols renewed a threat in the north, the Ming restored the Great Wall fro defense concidering most of the Wall was already built during the Ming dynasty.
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When the taxes were raised to increase defense the crops started to fail and rebellions broke out from hardship.
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Once the Ming China was weakend the group from Manchuria called the Manchu decided to attack, first they took the capital Bejing, then the emperor killed himself so he wouldnt be captured. The Manchu then took the dynasty and renamed it Qing.
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The qing dynasty began in 1644 and ended in 1911, they ruled for 3500 and were the last imperal rule in China.
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One of Qing's greatest emperor's was Kangxi. During his rule he reduced taxes and expanded the emprie through parts of Central Asia, he aslo suppored the intulectuals of the Jesuit preists.
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The novel Dream of the Red Chamber was written by Cao Zhan was one of the first Chinese novel published and one of the greatest novels aswell. It talks about the decline of the upper class chinese families.
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Qianlong was also concidered to be a great ruler. He ruled through 1769 during this he conqured the largest range including Taiwan, Mongolia, and Tibet.
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The agriculture stared to rise increasing the population increased over 300 million people lived in China, the economy was also booming from transportation.
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Lord George Macartney came to China to talk about expanding thier trade to England. The Chinese insisted that he show respect but he wouldnt agree so they told him to leave.
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Since China was the most advanced civilizations in the world but since the Chinese were isolated with the trade network the Europeans advancments would overgo the China's imerail rule.
