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Sufi Islam came to Indonesia through Arabian merchants. The earliest evidence of the existence of Islam in Indonesia is in northern Sumatra and Islam gradually spread throughout Indonesia. This changed the common belief of polytheism and made the people go into believing in the idea of monotheism.
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Majapahit is the last Hindu-influenced kingdom in Indonesia. Gadjah Mada is considered as the leader that unified the archipelago.
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The Sultanate of Demak was the first islamic sultanate in Indonesia. The kingdom growed new teachings and beliefs that made most Javanese people convert to Islam. The sultanate also changed some cultural practices for example, batik was given a new motif and practices to carry the essence of Islam.
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The Dutch reached Indonesia through the Banda Islands in the province of Maluku. Picture reference: google.images.com
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VOC (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie) was founded. It is a private merching company with a purpose to find an easy sea route to Indonesia. The company was formed by the Dutch government and first landed at Maluku. Picture reference: http://magazine.dutchancestrycoach.com/voc-archives
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On this date, the VOC had taken control over Jayakarta, renamed the port to Batavia, and established the VOC headquarters. By this action, the VOC has already had indirect control over Indonesia.
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It was in this timespan that Indonesia faced Dutch colonization. The Indonesian people had to face brutality, genocide, and slave work towards the powerful Dutch powers.
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The company's charter on this date and the Dutch government took direct control over Indonesia. Picture reference: http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/nl-indco.html
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During the Napoleonic wars, the Dutch started to lose control over Indonesia and eventually given to the British. Picture reference: http://markos040122.deviantart.com/art/British-flag-139839020
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Because of the Napoleonic Wars, the Dutch temporarly loose control over Indonesia and eventually was handed over to the British.
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This congress stated that the Dutch now has full authority over Indonesian soil and the British cannot interfer with any affairs over Indonesia.
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By this time, Japan already had control over all of eastern Asia including Indonesia. This brought a slight happiness to the Indonesian people, however it didn't last long. Afterwards, the Japanese forced the Indonesians to provide ammunition and sparked a sense of revolution in the midst of the Indonesian people. Picture reference: http://warbirdlegends.com/Axis.html
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This is when the Indonesian Independence happened after the Japanese gave up their authority over Indonesian soil. Image reference: http://beneaththebluewaves.blogspot.com/2012/08/indonesias-independence-day.html
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This is when Queen Juliana, the Dutch queen, signed the documents which officially recognized the independence of Indonesia.
