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Muhammad was born in an oasis city int the Middle East called Mecca.
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When Muhammad moved from Mecca to Medina is known as the Hijra, or the Flight and it marks year 1 of the Islamic calendar.
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Isams emerged in Mecca in 622 CE, and it was founded by Muhammad.
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After Muhammad's death, cause for Islam to have a difficulty to choose a next successor to be able to keep control of Isalm. Because Muhammad died unexpectcly and never was able to choose next successor.
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Economic tensions increased between wealthy Arabs and the ones that had less.
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A powerful Meccan clan build up the Umayyad cailphate, a dynasty of Sunni capliphs that ruled the Muslim empire.
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Shiite and non-Arab Muslims, he captured Damascus, and than he had members of the defeated Umayyad family killed.
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In the 1050s, the Seljuk Turks invaded the Byzantine empire, and they migrated from central Asia into the Middle East.
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Christianity had divided into two branches over beliefs and authority in 1054
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A Seljuk sultan controlled Baghdad, and as Seljuk pushed into Asia Minor they threatened the Byzantine empire. In 1095, a conflict prevented Christians pilgrims from traveling to Jerusalem.
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Genghis Khan led the Mongols out of Central Asia across southwest Asia. In 1258,Hulagu, the grandson of Genghis led and looted Baghdad, killikng the lst Abbasid caliph.
