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Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad lasted for nearly one hundred years and aided fugitive slaves in the passage to the North. -
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The Great Schism of Slavery
Although the cause of the Civil War remains to be debated, the issue of slavery played a key role in the tightened tensions between the North and South. Since agriculture was what drove the southern economy, slavery was a necessity in order to maintain money flow. Slavery not only benefited the South but also the North. Yet, as Abolitionists challenged this institution a seemingly neverending division within the nation formed. -
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New York City Draft Riots
These riots lasted over the span of several days and were a negative response to Abraham Lincoln's drat law. Later, angry Irish Americans formed mobs and acted out in violence against African Americans. -
Burning of Colored Orphan Asylum
As the Draft Riots of New York City progressed, the Irish mobs burned the Colored Orphan Asylum causing approximately 200 deaths of orphans and those who worked at the Asylum. Nevertheless, the riots were some of the most fatal in American history. -
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Black Codes
After the Civil War and the passing of the Thirteenth Amendment, Southern Legislature seeked to maintain a labor force and a made laws against blacks that minipulated them to work in agriculture. Free colored men were convinced that if they worked on the plantation, they could earn their own plot of land, If blacks failed to work in agriculture, they would be required to pay an annual tax. As a result, a significant number of blacks returned to work on the plantation, -
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Alabama's Colored Conventions with Black Exodus Movement
The Alabama Colored Conventions were assemblies held during the late nineteenth century in order to provide an opportunity for discussion on the topic of equality regarding the lives of African Americans. In the late 1870s, blacks believed the attempt of Reconstruction to be a failure and resulted to migrating to the MidWestern part of the United States in a mass exodus movement. -
Free
Emma Marie Cadwalader-Guild sculpted Free in order to create a physical representation of the lack of freedom post abolition and Civil War. The Black Codes were developed in the South in order to prevent people of color from exercising their rights and anti-abolition groups such as the Ku Klux Klan were formed to scare blacks from voting. -
An Old Roadway
George Inness painted this piece in order to portray a movement away from the life of slavery and towards a life of freedom. The Alabama Color Conventions, Black Exodus migration, and Underground Railroad can be used to support this claim. -
A Warm Summer Evening in 1863
Kara Walker cross-stitched and cut out a black silhouette included in A Warm Summer Evening in 1863 to portray the destruction of slavery and a loss of self-worth regarding people of color during the draft riots.
