-
The situation in Europe after WWII
positives:
-defeat of Nazism and Fascism
negatives:
-shaken economies and political system
->economic and political crisis
-destroyed cities and towns
-many losses -
The goal of the foundation of the ECSC
-"any war between France and Germany" has to become "merely unthinkable, but materially impossible"
->stopping France and Germany from fighting each other and causing bad damages for Europe
-Robert Schumann, French Foreign Minister -
The actual / official foundation of the European Coal and Steel Community
-members: West Germany, France, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands -
The foundation of the European Economic Community and European Atomic Energy Community
-Treaty of Rome
-members: same countries as at the European Coal and Steel Community -
The merge to the "European Communities"
-the three communities combined as the EC -their (main) focus: cooperation in economic and agricultural matters -
Period: to
When more countries joined the EC
-1973: Denmark, Ireland and the UK
-1981: Greece
-1986: Portugal and Spain
-1995: Austria, Finland and Sweden
-note: every member joining after 1957 has officially joined the EC at 1st January (year) -
Period: to
When countries adopted the Euro
-1999: Belgium, Germany, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Monaco*, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, San Marino*, Spain und Vatikan*
-2001: Greece
-2002: Kosovo* and Montenegro*
-2007: Slovenia
-2008: Malta and Cyprus
-2009: Slovakia
-2011: Estonia
-2014: Latvia and Andorra*
-2015: Lithuania
-note: 19 EU members have the Euro as their currency, other countries* have the Euro as their currency without being a member of the EU, but possibly wanting to be one in the future -
The Treaty of Maastricht
-birth of European Union
-EU=successor to the EC
-Common Foreign and Security Policy
-coordination of policy on asylum, immigration, drugs and terrorism
-EU citizenship
-no "borders" between member countries -
The European Currency
-11 member countries adopted the "Euro" in 1991 as bank deposit money
-other countries (EU- and non EU members) joined the single-currency-group afterwards
-Denmark, Sweden and the UK did not join
