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http://www.fofweb.com/NuHistory/default.asp?ItemID=WE49&NewItemID=True Anzalone, Christopher "Battle Of Tours" http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/imperialism/notes/tours.html http://www.thenagain.info/webchron/westeurope/tours.html Koeller, David W. "The Battle of Tours"
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Muslim attacks on Duke Eudes's land begins, although the first victory belonged to Eudes. Later however, Muslims gained ground and riches. Eventually, Eudes begs Charles Martel for help.
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A Berber emir of Al-Andalas named Uthman ibn Maissa conducted many raids threatening the land and life of Eudes the Great, so Eudes decided to become an ally of Uthman. He got Uthman to agree by letting him marry his daughter.
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Uthman ibn Maissa staged a revolt against Abd al Rahman. After annihilating the revolt, Rahman also sought revenge against Uthman's ally, eventually conquering Eudes and the nether regions of the Frankish lands.
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The large Muslim force of around 65-70,000 troops being led by Abd al-Rachman meets the Frankish force which is consideraby smaller and led by Charels Martel. Then seven day stand-off between the Muslim invaders and Frankish defenders begins.
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The Battle of Tours finally starts and ends. Although their army was bigger and almost entirely made up of a cavalry, the Muslim forces were defeated by the lighter armed Franks who were braver, more disciplined, and smarter than prevoius enemies of the Muslim army. Instead of running away from the charging horses, the Franks were steadfast and formed a very effective spear wall.
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After the Franks defeated the Muslim attack at Tours and killed Abd al-Rahman, Al-Andalus fell apart. Their leader was killed and the Abbasids were coming from the south and the Franks from the north. Eventualy, the Franks conquered and Christianized the Iberian Peninsula.
