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The Turing Test
Alan Turing published "Computer Machining and Intelligence. Can a computer generate cognitive abilities? -
Junction Transistor
William Shockley announces the invention of the Junction Transistor -
Microprogramming
Maurice Wilkes publishes a description of instructions regarding the intermediate layer of the CPU -
Hard Disk Drive
Reynold B. Johnson invents the first Hard Disk Drive at IBM. Even though the capacity has greatly increased, many computers today still use a HDD format. -
First Integrated Circuit
Jack Kilby demonstrates the first IC. This becomes the foundation for all modern computers as it reduces costs, size and energy while improving performance. -
MOSFET
Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor. Invented by Mohamed Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs. this becomes the most widely manufactured device in history and starts what is known as the digital revolution.