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The modern Syrian state was established after the First World War as a French mandate, and represented the largest Arab state to emerge from the formerly Ottoman-ruled Arab Levant. It gained independence in April 1946, as a parliamentary republic. The post-independence period was tumultuous, and a large number of military coups and coup attempts shook the country in the period 1949–1971.
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The Isrealies overran Syrian positions above Lake Tiberias, they seized Golan Heights and occupied Quneitra. Syrian boycotts and Arab summit rejected their comprimise with Isreal.
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Syria's new constitution was approved by the plebiscite confirming Ba'ath Party as dominant force. War was launched with Egypt againt Isreal to regain territory lost in 1967. Isreal temporarily lost territory.
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Syria's relationship between them and Egypt broke off after Presedent Sadat's visit to Jerusalem. But they didn't attack eachother afterwards.
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Membership of Muslim Brotherhood made a capital offence. A Treaty of Friendship was signed with the USSR.
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An islamic extreme uprising in Hama killed thousands of people were killed. Isreal invaded Lebanon and Syrian missiles located in Bekaa Valley were destroyed.
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Assad was reelected as the president of Syria. Then the USA claimed that Syrian links to airports are bombing Rome and Vienna.
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The Syrian complicity alledged in planting a bomb aboard an Israeli airliner located in London. EU states, with exeption of Greece, impose sasnctions.
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Troops took part in operation Deset Storm. The Damuscus Declaration aid and defence pact signed with Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman.
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There was a forced resignation after 13 years and subsequent suicide of prime minister, Mahmoud al-Assad. Succession of his son Bashar.
