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Children with Exceptionalities are seen as a burden with only a few states having programs to benefit these children's educational opportunities.
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After WW2 schools started programs that provided financial support as well as new services for students with all types of disabilities. This however caused many families to have to move to school districts with special needs educators as they were in short supply at this time. This, along with some states not supporting families with special needs children caused an outcry for federal involvment.
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Parent groups with the help of interested citizens pushed for legislators to make PL 88-164. This law authorized the training of professional educators and research into appropriate practices for educating students with intellectual and physical disabilities. This was the start of a series of legislation that would improve educational opportunities for special needs students.
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Congress passed PL 94-142, otherwise known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. This was designed to assure that children with exceptionalities would have free and appropriate public education provided to them that meets their specific needs. From its inception through the 1980s thought it would be met with protest by the school systems that implemented it. The pressure to accurately assess students that had never been done before caused loss of much-needed funding
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PL 99-457 was also known as the Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1986, this was done due to the fact that it had become apparent that early detection and intervention would lead to greater educational success for disabled children. Thus federal funds were allocated to states to develop plans for children from birth on. The title of the Act was changed to Individuals with Disabilities Education Act or IDEA.
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This Act extended civil rights to people with disabilities. This along with other legislation made clear that America was determined to see that children with disabilities had an equal educational opportunity and cannot be discriminated against again due to their special needs.
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this legislation had an impact on all school children and an even greater impact on those with special needs. It was made to hold schools accountable for the success of their students with special needs. However, due to the nature of the metric that the legislation tested, it only caused more frustration and loss of needed funding for schools' special education departments.
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This was a reauthorization of the already existing act with some much-needed updates such as a higher standard for quality of personnel, and IEP that included transition planning for further education.
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This legislation is used when people with disabilities are denied services. Problems such as failing classes, behavioral problems, and suspensions qualify a child for additional support under Section 504of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. This also may act as a child's first step into special education due to passing through the cracks and can also act as a response to intervention model.
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This act sought to stimulate economic activity in education to ensure economic health in America. This meant that large amounts of funding for sent to states for IDEA's early intervention programs. Due to this being a one-time fund, programs like Child Find were created to have a lasting impact on early detection and intervention for special needs students.
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