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Elementary and Secondary Education Act
Aimed to address educational disparities and improve academic outcomes for all students, including those with disabilities.
This was included on the timeline because it laid the foundation for improving educational opportunities for all students. -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
The court rules that children with intellectual disabilities have the right to free public education.
This was chosen because it marked the beginning of the inclusion process. -
Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
The court rules that student with disabilities must be provided a public education regardless of the cost.
This was highlighted on the timeline because it put students before the cost of education. -
Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504
Section 504 prohibits discrimination based on disability in any program receiving federal assistance.
This legislation was selected because makes schools aware that their funding can be taken away if they discriminate against those with disabilities. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) of 1975
Mandates free appropriate public education (FAPE) for all children. This act is also known as Public Law 94-142.
This legislation was added to the timeline because schools are required to cover the expenses for special education and related services. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 1990
IDEA replaces EAHCA, emphasizing transition service and inclusion.
It was important add IDEA to the timeline because it provides the foundation of special education services, the IEP. -
Americans with Disability Act (ADA) 1990
The ADA prohibits discrimination based on disability in all areas of public life.
ADA is significant because it requires schools to provide reasonable accommodations to students. -
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) of 2001
NCLB increases accountability for the education of all students, including those with disabilities.
This legislation was added to the timeline because it holds schools accountable for students' academic success. -
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) of 2015
ESSA replaces NCLB, continuing to holds schools accountable while providing more flexibility to states.
This legislation was selected because it reiterates that significance of using evidence-based interventions and strategies. -
Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District
Schools must provide and IEP that is "reasonably calculated to enable a child to make progress appropriate in light of the child's circumstances".
I selected this court ruling because clarifies the standard for writing student IEP's.