spain in the 19th century: building a liberal regime By Erik Arbiol 1808 CHARLES IV NAPOLEONIC INVASION 1812 JOSEPH I BONAPARTE CONSTITUTION OF CÁDIZ 1825 INDEPENDENCE OF THE SPANISH-AMERICAN COLONIES 1837 ISABELLA II CONSTITUTION OF 1837 1839 1ST CARLIST WAR 1845 ISABELLA II CONSTITUTION OF 1845 1869 SEXENIO DEMOCRÁTICO CONSTITUTION OF 1869 1876 II CARLIST WAR CONSITUTION OF 1876
