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100,000 BCE
Paleolithic
Mid paleolithic and superior paleolithic with big advances for hominisds in culture. -
100,000 BCE
Prehistory
New stage of paleolithic, mid paleolithic and later the superior paleolithic with new advances. -
5500 BCE
Beginning of Neolithic
A big advance for humans with the creation of agriculture and livestock, this made us sedentary. -
1200 BCE
Immigrations and colonizations.
At this time, apart from the iron age, started in Spain invasions from Indo-European people.
It were different type of invaders like Greek Phoenicians and Carthaginians.
In this period humans started to use the coin. -
218 BCE
Romanization.
The Romans conquered the peninsula in a very long process.
It doesn`t finished until 200 years after.
It has 3 stages: -First stage (218-197)
-Second stage (197-154)
-Third stage (154-29) -
100 BCE
The spread of Christianity.
They stopped believing in the Greek gods as such, but in truth the only thing that was done was to change the names to those already known.
Later with the arrival of the apostle Santiago Christianity was distributed. -
711
The conquest of the Muslims: Al-Ándalus.
Spain conquered the entire Visigothic kingdom after the battle of Guadalete.
It had several stages:
-The emirate.
-The golden age of al-andalus in the caliphate of cordoba.
-The Muslim retreat, from the Taifa to the kingdom of Granada.
-The nazari kingdom of granada. -
722
The reconquest of the Christians.
The process was in this order:
-Reconquest-repopulation process
-Beginnings of resistance in the Asturian nucleus, in the northern plateau, in the kingdom of Pamplona and Aragon. -
1085
The offensive from christians.
They reconquist the peninsule again in several stage beginning with Alfonso VI, continue with the expansion of the thirteenth century from The Balearic islands, Valencia, Andalucia and Murcia -
1100
Cultural heritage.
There were culture which let us a lot of cultural heritage, they were christians, muslims and Jews.
-Communication with Europe with the ''Camino de Santiago''.
-Culture in Christian Kingdoms: Universities.
-Christian art: Romanesque, Gothic and Mudejar. -
1490
Modern age.
The Hispanic monarchy reached the union of various political nuclei in medieval times, even Portugal joined for a time. -
1492
Columbus's success
The success of Spain with the American continent made the country play an important role in Europe for the dominance of the continent, which led to the political action of the kings of Austria, who defended the Catholics.
However, the Spanish empire fell in the 17th century, a century of economic collapse and generalized crisis, they would begin to recover from this around 1680. -
The 18th century: Old Regime, reformism and Enlightenment.
Important transformations took place especially in the fields of ideology and politics, but also in the field of economic. Medieval, static and conservative thinking is being fought in the hope of improving the lives of human beings. They are the bourgeoisie and the monarchy starring in this change, relying on that social class to strengthen their state. Minorities made efforts to move the country away from the counter-reform of 2 centuries ago. -
The crisis of the Old Regime (1788-1833)
The year in which King Carlos III died and his son Carlos IV came to the throne, he continued with feudosignorial features. The political model of absolutism was incapable of solving the serious problems of Spanish society: chronic deficit of the Treasury, periodic subsistence crisis and economic stagnation, the French Revolution exacerbated the contradictions of a society in crisis. The crisis had its worst moment in 1808. -
The moderate restoration (1875-1902).
Failing in the attempt of a democratic state, in 1874 a new stage began in which a demoliberal political system was consolidated with the return of the Bourbon dynasty with Alfonso XII, but this restoration brought new conflicts.
The restoration was characterized by extreme conservatism, however, the labor movement, democratic political forces and colonial conflicts would eventually end this system. -
The reign of Alfonso XIII (1902-1931).
Spain remained a predominantly agrarian country, with a poor industrial base that was reluctant to accept successful modernization in other European states.
But at the turn of the century there are in the foreground contradictions and the insufficiencies of the Restoration system. In 1917 he showed the crisis and the decomposition of the regime -
The Second Republic (1931-1936).
The years of dictatorship, sustained by the exceptional economy of that situation, only further stalled Spanish society. Few intellectuals dared to tackle old problems in Spain.
They tried the republican dream of 1931 when totalitarian ideas were at the heart of Europe. -
The Civil War (1936-1939)
The profound contradictions in society lead to an armed confrontation that constitutes the greatest tragedy in the recent history of Spain.
The process of reforms and modernization of the violent reaction of the classes that saw their privileged positions in danger.
The historical significance has been enormous, due to the expression of the confrontation between totalitarianism or fascist authoritarianism and democracy.
However, the victory was for the retrograde sectors. -
La dictadura de Franco (1939-1975)
Since his triumph in the Civil War, Franco ruled Spain until his death in 1975. In a dictatorial way over a country ruined by three years of war, which was recovering until reaching economic development from the 1960s. -
The transition (1975-1982)
The Spanish Transition began, with the death of Franco. It was a gradual, non-violent political regime change based on the agreement of the main political forces.
It supposed the arrival of freedoms and the recognition of pluralism and peaceful coexistence, included in the 1978 Constitution.
In those years they met three government presidents: Carlos Arias Navarro, Adolfo Suárez and Lopoldo Calvo Sotelo. -
Democratic consolidation.
With the arrival of socialism in 1982. The political transition can be concluded. Confirmed in power in the elections of 1986, 1989 and 1993, the socialist Cabinets of Felipe González carried out the modernization of the country in different ways.
The Socialists adapted the institutions and the Penal Code to the circumstances of the new society and carried out a Europeanist foreign policy.
Jose María Aznar won the elections in 1996.
