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337
Hippocrates
337 B.C.
He suggested problems such as confusion and maddness are due to abnormalities in the brain. -
500
Euroeans
500 A.D.
Believed that agitation and confusion where signs that you were possed by demons. They used the water-float test to tell if someone was possessed or not. -
Jan 1, 1500
Nicolaus Copernicus
Suggested that the Earth revoles around the sun. -
Sir Isaac Newton
Formulated the laws of gravity and motion. -
Antoine Lavoisier
Founded the science of Chemistry.
He explained how animals and plant use oxygen in respiration. -
Modern Psychology
Scientific approach led to the birth of modern psychology. -
Psychological Laboratories
Laboratorie were established in Europe and the United States.
Psychologist studied behavior and mental processes in these labs. -
Charles Darwin
1809
Theorized that in the struggle for survival, the most-adaptive organisms have a greater chance of surviving to maturity. -
Wilhelm Wundt
1832
Founded structionalism
He broke down the two categories of consciousness: objective sensations and subjective feelings -
William James
1842
Harvard University Professor
Founder of the school of functionalism
They were concerned how mental processes help organisms adapt to their environment. -
Sigmund Freud
1856
Viennese physician
Founded the school of thought called psychoanalysis which emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives and internal conflicts in determining human behavior -
John B. Watson
1878
Founder of the school of behaiorism, He defined psychology as the scientific study of observable behavior -
B. F. Skinner
1904
Harvard University psychologist
Introduced the concept of reinforcement
Skinner says that people learn in certain ways bcasue they have been reinforced for doing so. -
Kenneth B.Clark
1914
Intended an academic highschool
He and hia wife got Ph.D degrees in pychology
They studied segregation and how society as a whole preferred white people. -
Psychoanalytic Perspective
1940s and 1950s
Psychoanalytic theory dominated the practice of psychotherapy and greatly influenced psychology and the arts -
Biological Perspective
Is the influence of biology on our behavior.
Certain parts of the brain are active when we do certain activities. -
The Evolutionary Perspective
The evolution of behavior and mental processes.
We evolove to survive. -
The Cognitive Perspective
The role that thoughts play in determing behavior.
Conginitive Psychologist study the mental processes to understand human nature. -
The Humanistic Perspective
Stereese the human capacity for self-fulfillment and the importance of consciousness, self-awareness, and the capacityto make choices.
Believe that peoples personal experiences are the most important aspect of psychology. -
The Learnng Perspective
Emphasizes the effects of experience on behavior.
Learning is the essential factors in observing, describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling behavior. -
The Sociocultural Perspective
Studies the influences of ethnicity, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status on behavior and mental processes.
Helps people appreciate the cutural heritages and historical issues of various ethnic groups. -
Plato
428 B.C.
Recorded his teachers advice "know thysel". This motto has remained in psychological study ever since. -
Aristotle
384 B.C.
One of Plato's students. He was a Greek philosopher. He outline the laws of associationism. Aristotle showed us that experiences remind of us other experiences in the past that were similar. He believed that people are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain. Worte a work called Peri Psyches.
