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(1854-1932) A bandmaster and composer who promoted the new concept of wind bands during this time.
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(1862-1918) Most important French composer of the early 20th century who practiced impressionism in his music.
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(1864-1949) German poet and composer who supported chromaticism. Often had excessive motives and pushed tonality.
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(1868-1917) Considered the "king of ragtime", he was the first African American composer to have fame.
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(1874-1951) An Austrian composer who created melodies in atonality after 1907 using "tone rows".
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(1874-1954) One of the greatest American composers in the 20th century. Used polytonality, polymeter, polyrhythms, and limited atonality.
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(1876-1937) French Impressionist composer who was credited with writing the first Impressionist piano piece.
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(1882-1971) A composer whose style changes frequently, but relatively maintained a harsh, complex, tonal, and dissonant style.
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(1882-1943) Canadian pianist who assisted in forming the National Association of Negro Musicians (1919).
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(1888-1979) A member of Les Six, he was born in Paris and wrote songs for the French Resistance during World War I.
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(1890's-1920's) One of the first anti-romantic styles, disregarding chord progression rules, used free rhythm, and was vague.
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Extreme use of themes, performance sizes, and chromaticism. Was introduced towards the end of the Romantic era, using thick textures.
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A precursor to Jazz music, it developed from an African American piano style with syncopated rhythms and secular form.
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(1891-1953) A Russian composer who often had Neo-classical musical traits and utilized comedy and lyrical expression in compositions.
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(1892-1955) A member of Les Six, he considered himself Swiss and was a huge compositional output in all mediums.
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(1892-1974) Born in France and a member of Les Six, he rejected impressionism and studied Debussy.
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(1895-1978) First Black American composer to conduct a major symphony opera and have it performed by a major ensemble.
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(1897-1965) An American innovator who invented chance music, piano techniques, and was drawn to Non-Western music.
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(1899-1983) Part of Les Six, he was born in France and was Neo-Classicist.
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(1899-1963) Born in France, he was a member of Les Six and was a self-taught musician.
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(1899-1974) Famous for his Jazz tunes and contributions to the Swing Era.
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Naturalism and an expansion of various musical styles are explored. Composers began reacting against the Romantic era aesthetic.
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(1900-1990) A composer and conductor with a mostly tonal style. He had a vigorous style with mixed meters and dabbled in folk songs.
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Strings begin losing dominance in orchestras, but brass, wind, and percussion instruments became important.
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British Military bands began to be outgrown, starting the new American tradition of wind bands in North America and Europe.
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An atonal concept created by Schönberg, pitch orders stay the same.
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(1908-2012) An American composer who composed music for over 50 years.
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Focuses on freeing music from tonality and had no chord progression rules.
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Melody is no longer the focus of compositions, as harmonies were less traditional and focused on atonality, polychords, and polytonality.
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Popular in the 20th century, this style has no harmonic center of gravity and all notes are of equal musical importance.
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A term created by Cowell, referring to groups of adjacent notes that were highly dissonant. They were sounded with the fist, palm, and forearm.
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A ballet composed by by Stravinsky that was proactive for its time, known for its chaotic, polyrhythmic, brash, and radical elements.
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(1915-1959) African American Jazz singer who broke racial barriers by performing with white bands.
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An American music style rooting from West African music and traditions.
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Improvised Jazz singing on nonsense syllables.
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An American type of folk music with a simple and repetitive poetic form. 12 bar Blues progression is I, IV, I, V, IV, I.
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A cultural uprising of African American arts, cultures, and music. It inspired a cultural movement into the 1940's.
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(1928-2007) German composer who made innovations in electronic and other forms of experimental music.
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(1929-) An American composer known for his anti-war sentiments during the Vietnam war.
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Highly improvizational style of New Orleans Jazz music in the 1930's.
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Roots from European and French Opera, many people classify it as a genre of musical comedy.
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(1933-2010) A composer whose style combined minimalist slow harmonic movement, clusters, and neo-tonality.
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(1937-) A pioneer for minimalism, he composed numerous operas and vocal music throughout his time.
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A French concept that relied on sounds made by a natural source recorded on magnetic tape and later manipulated.
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(1944) An American composer who pioneered in digital sound synthesis.
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A musical blending of the blues style and honky-tonk with an original edginess.
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Computers used in music creating the concept of Electronic music.
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A popular creation during the Technological Revolution that is commonly used in modern music.
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(1860-1911) Created important expansions for Lieder and symphonies by using musical aspects of Non-Western cultures.
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A post 1970's style using loose tonal centers without rules. Chords are favored and progress without rules.
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A style of music classified by repetitive melodic and harmonic patterns and few changing variations.