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Peru returns to civilian rule with centrist Fernando Belaunde Terry as president.
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Velasco ousted in coup led by General Morales Bermudez.
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Peru returns to civilian rule with re-election of Fernando Belaunde as president; Shining Path, or Sendero Luminoso, guerrillas begin armed struggle. PERU, IN 1980, was one of the first countries in South America to undergo the transition from long-term institutionalized military rule to democratic government.
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Peru fights border war with Ecuador over Cordillera del Condor, which a 1942 protocol had given to Peru.
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APRA candidate Alan Garcia Perez wins presidential election and begins campaign to remove military and police "old guard".
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Peru seeks help from International Monetary Fund; Shining Path guerrilla campaign intensifies.
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By 1990, however, Peru was in the midst of a social, economic, and political crisis of unprecedented proportions that threatened not only the viability of the democratic system but also civil society in general.
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Fujimori suspends constitution with army backing; Shining Path leader arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment; new single-chamber legislature elected.
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Tupac Amaru guerrillas seize hostages at Japanese ambassador's residence.
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September - Supreme Court judge issues international arrest warrant for former president Alberto Fujimori, who is in self-exile in Japan.
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August - Truth and Reconciliation Commission's inquiry into atrocities during 20-year war against Shining Path rebels concludes that an estimated 69,280 people were killed.
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November - Former President Fujimori is arrested in Chile, after arriving there from Japan, pending extradition proceedings.
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Peru and the US reach a free trade agreement.
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Chile extradites former president Alberto Fujimori to Peru to face human rights and corruption charges.
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Former President Alberto Fujimori is sentenced to 25 years in jail for ordering killings and kidnappings by security forces.
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- Ollanta Humala wins presidential elections in the run-off.
