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South Carolina Exposition and Protest
Jackson's vice president, John C. Calhoun created the South Carolina Exposition and Protest. In the South Carolina Exposition and Protest, Calhoun said that the states had the right to nullify oppressive national legislation. -
Tariff of Abominations
This was also known as the Tariff of 1828. This was a protective tariff that Congress had passed. The Northerners liked this tariff and supported it, but the Southerners didn't like it. They didn't like it since it didn't help them; it only harmed them. They received no benefit from the tariff since they had an agricultural economy. The Northerners had an economy that revolved around business and manufacturing, so the tariff promoted business for them, allowing them to make more money. -
Webster-Hayne Debates
This was a debate between Robert Hayne from South Carolina and Daniel Webster from Massachusetts. The main issues that they debated were issues on public land policy, western expansion, and slavery. They also had differing views on how much power the states should have and what rights the states should have. Hayne's believed that the federal government had too much power. Webster believed that nullification was bad, meaning that the states had too much power and should have limitations. -
Ordinance of Nullification
Before this, Congress had passed a bill that revised the 1828 tariff downward, but the South Carolinians were still not satisfied. This is when South Carolina adopted the Ordinance of Nullification. This ordinance declared both the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 as null and void within state borders. They didn't like the tariffs, so they didn't want to have to pay it since they were an agricultural economy, and didn't benefit from the tariff. -
Jackson's Proclamation
This was the way Jackson responded to the Ordinance of Nullification. He didn't agree with the nullification and thought that it was unconstitutional. He also thought that the Union would be harmed because of the nullification. He also brought up that he would use force if he had to in order to get the state of South Carolina to stop supporting the Ordinance of Nullification. -
Compromise Tariff Act of 1833- Clay's Tariff Bill
This tariff lowered the protective tariff. The price of the tariff would reduce each year and eventually by 1842, the tariff would reach the same price as the tariff in 1816. Henry Clay proposed this tariff. -
Force Act/Bill
This act/bill was passed on the same day as the Compromise Tariff Act of 1833. This bill gave the president the authority to use military power to enforce the laws. This stopped the state of South Carolina from pursuing in its action to nullify federal laws.