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Tariff of Abominations
The tariff of 1828 was a protective tariff that protected northern and western agriculture resources from invasive competition with foreign imports. As a result, it created high taxes on foreign imports, but the South depended on trade and commerce so they would, later on, protest against this. -
South Carolina Exposition & Protest
According to John C. Calhoun, states had the right to nullify oppressive national legislation, also known as the Calhoun's Exposition. Moreover, it stated that the tariff was unconstitutional and the South favored this because it gave them some justice since the tariff had left them with very little. -
Tariff of 1832
This was a different version of the last tariff, although, this tariff was created specifically to resolve conflict with the South. In addition, this was also a protective tariff, and the taxes were lowered slightly, but the South still didn't like it cause taxes were still genuinely high. -
Ordinance of Nullification
Declared the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 null and void within state borders. This threatened to secede if the national government attempted to enforce any more tariffs, this was adopted by the South. Moreover, laws were passed that permitted military force and the appropriation of arms. -
Jackson's proclamation against nullification
According to Jackson, states had the right to nullify federal laws. He spoke to the people about the issue hoping they wouldn't assert their allegiance and risk disunion. -
Force Bill
President Jackson stated that he would send the U.S army to enforce the laws more specifically for the federal tariffs. He would send the may to collect the customs duties. Was seen as a way to overpower South Carolina's government's refusal of these tariffs -
Clay's Tariff Bill
According to Henry Cla, this bill stated that all duties in excess of 20% of the value of goods imported were to be reduced yearly. This was seen as an opportunity for tariffs to be at the same rate as the moderate tariff of 1816