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It is a time when people move from the hunting and gathering stage and start settling down in one location. They discover that seeds can be planted so crops can grow.
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The large fertile area of the Indus Valley in Ancient India is perfect for early food production. Wheat and barley and other cereals are early crops.
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Flax is grown. People eventually learn how to make it into the cloth known as linen that is used for clothing.
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In south-central Asia Minor, the community of Çatal Höyük develops. Wheat, vegetables, and barley are grown. The area is full of volcanic rock obsidian, which is used to make sharp blade tools and weapons.
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Farming spreads to many areas, from western Greece to Hungary, the Balkans, Crete, and parts of Italy. Sailing ships take farming ideas to Sicily, southern France, North Africa, Malta, Portugal, and Spain.
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More areas start practicing farming, including parts of Europe and then eventually England and Scandinavia. Houses are made with wooden sticks woven together and then covered with clay and mud. As more people live in villages, some forms of government develop.
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Starting in the Middle East, the Neolithic period starts to move into the Copper Age as copper tools replace stone tools. Eventually, all groups will move towards tools made with either copper, bronze, and/or iron as people realize how useful the new tools are.
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Agriculture begins in some areas of Central America. Pottery is made in Mexico which is used to store food.