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Period: Jan 1, 1430 to
Native American History
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Oct 12, 1492
Columbus discovered the New World
During his encounter with the native people, Columbus noted that men as well as woman went around naked. He also stated that they could be commanded easily, made to work, be taught how to wear clothing and adopt his people's ways. -
Aug 13, 1521
Hernan Cortes conquers the Aztecs
Hernan Cortes began his journey of conquering the Aztec empire in 1519. He completed his conquest of the Aztecs in 1521. This created the colony of New Spain. -
Jan 1, 1552
Bartolome de Las Casas
He published "Brief Relations of the Destruction of the Indies", which provided horrifying examples of the colonists' treatment towards the Indians. -
Founding of Jamestown
Jamestown was founded in Virginia by colonists of the London Company. Starvation and disease later that year caused the original population of 105 decline to just 32 survivors. Founder John Smith was captued by Native American chief, but was rescued by the chief's daughter. -
Bacon's Rebellion
Tobacco planters who were led by Nathanial Bacon were denied permission to attack the Sussquehannock Indians -
French and Indian War
A conflict between France and Britain for possession of North America. It ended in 1763. Most Algonquian tribes allied with the French and the Iroquois allied with the British. -
The Proclamation
The Proclamation of 1763 was signed by King George III of England. It prohibits any English settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains and others settled in those regions to return east in an attempt to resolve tensions with Native Americans. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris ended the American Revolutionary War between Great Britain and the United States. This help recgonize America's independence. -
Treaty of Greenville
The Treaty of Greenville ended the multi-tribal war that was undeclared. It was led by the Shawnees who fought to resist the American expansion into Ohio. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase added to the U.S's French Territory from the Gulf of Mexico to the Northwest. -
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Lewis and Clark did an expedition with Sacagawea. Under President Jefferson's direction, they charted the western territory. A Shoshone INdian by the name Sacagawea helped them along the way. The expedition ended in 1806. -
Tecumseh and the Prophet
Tecumseh and his brother known as the Prophet founded Prophetstown for other Indian peoples who believed that signing treaties with the US government would come to a climax in the loss of the Indian way of life. Tecumseh organized a confederacy of Indian tribes which made Ohio River the boundary between the United States and Indian land. William Harrison, the gov. of Ohio began enacting treaties with various tribes. While Tecumseh was away, Harrison sent troops into Prophetville to destroy it. -
Creek War
The Creek War was instigated by General Andrew Jackson who sought out to end Creek 's resistance to ceding their land to the US government. The Creek Nation lost the battle and lost 14 million acres. This ended in 1814. -
Indian Removal Act
A bill was submitted to Congress from President Andrew Jackson to remove all Indian tribes in the east to the lands in the west of Mississippi. The Act was passed on May 28th, and thousands of Native Americans were forced to move. -
Worcester v. Georgia
A missionary from Vermont sued the state of Georgia which had arrested him. He claimed that the state had no authority over him within the bounderies of the Cherokee Nation. The court ruled in Worcester's favor. This ruling clarified that the Indians were under the protection of federal goverment. -
Trail of Tears
Despite the Supreme Court's ruling that the Cherokke could stay in their land, President Jackson sent federal troops to remove almost 16,000 Cherokee Indians who had refused to move west under the Treaty of New Echota. -
Oregon Trail
The Oregon Trail was laid by fur trappers and traders. Migration towards the west began along the Oregon Trail through Plains Indian country. the first migrant wagon train was organized in Independence, Missouri. -
Gold discovered in California
James Marshall discovers gold near Sutter's Fort, California. When news of his finding of gold in California was spreaded, it started the Gold Rush of 1849. -
Passage of the Homestead Act
Congress passed the Homestead Act making western lands belonging to many Indian Nations available to non-Indian American settlers. This marked the beginning of mass migrations of Americans to Indian lands for non-Indian settlement. -
Sand Creek Massecre
The Sand Creek Massacre was horrible in the Indian Wars. a 700 man force of Colorado Territory militia attacked and destroyed a peaceful village of Cheyenne and Arapaho which killed about 163 Indians.