Mussolini and Fascist Italy

Formation of an independent Italy

Mar 17, 1861

This map relates to the formation of an independent Italy as it shows the separate states that took up the land before and the unified Italy after.

Papal States taken over by new nation of Italy

Sep 30, 1870

This painting relates to the event since it shows the soldiers defending the Papal States from the Italian soldiers as they enter their territory in attempt to claim it for themselves.

Failure of First Italo-Ethiopian War with the Battle of Adowa (Adwa)

Mar 1, 1896

This drawing relates to the event because it shows the harsh nature of the Battle of Adowa. It shows how the Italians suffered compared to the Ethiopians.

Italy invades and takes over Libya

Oct 3, 1911

This image depicts Italian soldiers and Libyan soldiers together. The Italian soldiers shown are armed and seem to be either making a mass arrest or relocating the citizens to a new area.

Mussolini begins work as editor for the Socialist Party newspaper Avanti

1912

The date that Mussolini began to work as an editor for Avanti! is unclear. This image is a snapshot of his article published by the newspaper.

Mussolini kicked out of Socialist Party for pro-nationalistic sentiments regarding WW I

1914

This image is a snapshot from the newspaper Il Popola d'Italia. It depicts Mussolini as upset since he was kicked from his party. The exact wording of the article is unclear due to language barrier.

Treaty of London

Apr 29, 1915

This image relates to the event as it is the signed Treaty of London. It emphasizes the unity in the decision to include Italy in the Allies from their signatures and seals.

Beginning of Biennio Rosso

1919

This picture relates to the event as it shows factory workers armed in an active protest against their working conditions. It shows the social unrest and economic instability of the Biennio Rosso.

Fascio di Combattimento formed in Milan

Mar 23, 1919

The emblem of the fascio di combattimento. The bundle is the symbol of fascism meaning that a group in stronger than individuals.

D’Annunzio takes Fiume

Sep 12, 1919

The flag of Fiume under D'Annunzio. D'Annunzio became its dictator and turned it into a new Italian nationalist nation.

Mussolini forms alliance with Giolitti

May 1, 1921

The emblem of the National Bloc. The fascist emblem of the bundle is shown on top of the star, Italy's oldest emblem.

Mussolini forms the PNF (Fascist Party) and is elected its leader

Nov 9, 1921

The bundle is once again featured on top of the Italian flag in the official emblem of the fascist political party.

March on Rome and Mussolini becomes Prime Minister

Oct 27, 1922

Mussolini going to accept his new office as a result of the March on Rome.

Corfu Incident

Aug 29, 1923

This political cartoon shows Mussolini's dominance over Italian politics and his defense over Corfu.

Acerbo Law passed

Nov 18, 1923

Giacomo Acerbo, the inventor of the Acerbo Law.

Aventine Seccession

1924

this is an image of Aventine Hill; the place where Italian Parties withdrew from parliament

Matteotti Crisis

Jun 10, 1924

This political cartoon featured a grotesque and evil looking Mussolini sitting on Matteotti's grave showing his dominance in Italian politics.

Battle for Grain

1925

this is an example of a propoganda poster that Mussolini had to encourage grain production.

Locarno Treaty signed

Dec 1, 1925

this is an image of the representatives from Italy and Britain to sign the Locarno Treaty.

Battle for Lira

1926

this is a map of Africa representing Italy's intent to expand and become a great power.

Battle for Births

1927

this image is a medal that was awarded to families with the most children during the Battle for Births to further encourage large families for future military.

Battle for Land

1928

this is an image of Italians clearing out the marshes to turn into farmland.

Kellog-Briand Treaty signed

Aug 27, 1928

this image is a political cartoon published to encourage peace and the outlaw of war.

Lateran Treaty with Pope

1929

this is an image of Italy and the pope signing the treaty; giving the Pope his political independence.

Abyssinian Crisis

1935

international crisis in 1935 during the ongoing conflict between the Kingdom of Italy and the Empire of Ethiopia. It ended in 1936 with the annexation of Ethiopia and creation of the Italian East Africa.

Stresa Front

1935

this is a political cartoon showing the opposition of the great powers and Hitler.

Italian involvement with Spanish Civil War

1936

Germany and Italy entered into a treaty of friendship in which they pledged to pursue a common foreign policy.

Rome-Berlin Axis Treaty signed

Oct 25, 1936

Germany and Italy entered into a treaty of friendship in which they pledged to pursue a common foreign policy.
Italian involvement with Spanish Civil War- 80,000 men The presence of foreign troops from Italy helped to counter the influence of the 35,000 volunteers from the International Brigades who fought for the Republicans

Munich Conference

Sep 30, 1938

Germany, Italy, Great Britain, and France sign the Munich agreement, and Czechoslovakia must surrender its border regions and defenses

Italy invades Albania

Apr 7, 1939

Aftermath of World War I 1918–1939 Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 1918–1920, countenancing a full Italian takeover and colonization of Albania, and on April 7, 1939, Mussolini's troops invaded Albania.

Italy enters WW II on side of Germany

Jun 10, 1940

France was about to fall and World War II seemed virtually over, did Italy join the war on Germany's side, still hoping for territorial spoils. Mussolini announced his decision—one bitterly opposed by his foreign minister, Galeazzo Ciano—to huge crowds across Italy on June 10.

Mussolini brought down by coup during WW II

Jul 25, 1943

July 25, 1943, Benito Mussolini, fascist dictator of Italy, is voted out of power by his own Grand Council and arrested upon leaving a meeting with King Vittorio Emanuele,

Mussolini killed

Apr 28, 1945

april 28 1945, shot by partisans with his young mistress