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Toussaint L'Ouverture
Leader of the Haitian revolution.
Transformed Haiti into a free black state with no slaves and self government.
Jean-Jacques Dessalines took over the revolution when Napoleon tried to take Haiti back and helped declare it independent in 1804. -
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Industrial Revolution
Major changes in all of life by use of technology.
The steam engine was what changed it all.
Salaries began to be raised.
Machine based everything and better living quality for the poor.
Also created a lot of polution in the air.
Led to many more discoveries and motivated people to invent. -
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French & Indian War
Great Britain vs. France fought in North America. The French and Indians joined together against Britain.
It was about Colonies and land. -
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Seven Years War
Global territorial and colonization war.
British Empire (and allies) against Bourbons (France and Spain and their allies).
Towns and homes burned, seiges, and battles. -
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Watt's Steam Engine
First type of steam engine to make use of steam at specific pressure to drive it onward. Was used to power trains, boats, and more. -
Invention of the Spinning Jenny
Reduced the work needed to produce yarn. Could work multiple spools at a time.
Opened doors for more of a cotton industry and efficiency. -
Invention of the Water Frame
Water powers a spinning frame. More power and constant flow of power to spin. Less work. -
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Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette
Ruled France.
Suspended and arrested during the French revolution. Tried for treason and condemned. Both were executed by guillotine. -
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American Revolution
The American colonies wanted freedom from Britain, to have their own rights, government, and for fairness. Revolution broke out.
Britain posted taxes on the Americans and Americans would retaliate with the Boston Tea party, etc.
Got help from the French.
Saratoga was the first win for the Patriots.
At Yorktown Cornwallis surrendered leading to the Treaty of Paris and the United States independence and win. -
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French Revolution
The people were hungry and could barely get bread. Terrible living situations and corrupt government.
The Third Estate proclaimed the Tennis Court Oath to assemble wherever require till the monarchy establishes a constitution.
Citizens assaulted Bastile and took weapons, and heads. Then the Decleration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizens.
Napoleon created order for France, but turned into an Emporer and France was still in a bad place. -
Storming of the Bastille
The citizens of France stormed the Bastille in Paris which represented the royal authority in Paris.
Very bloody. -
Declaration of the Rights of Man
Defines the individual and collective rights of the citizens of France due to the French Revolution. Universal rights. Not specific to gender or race. -
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Haitian Revolution
Revolution in the French colony of Saint-Domingue and which ended slavery and led Haiti to become the Haitian Republic.
Caste system had segregated whites, mixed colored that were free, then slaves.
French revolution at the home land encouraged the colonie to revolutionize themselves. -
Whitney's Cotton Gin
Would expel seeds and clean the cotton.
Caused massive growth in the cotton industry and more demand for cotton. -
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Napoleon
Took over France after the french revolution to create peace and order within the country. Turned France into his Empire.
Created a great civil law.
Expanded and fought for land like crazy.
Exiled in 1814, but returned in 1815j to return to power. Was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo against Britain.
Spent the last six years on a secluded British island, and there is speculation on his death. -
Britain outlaws Slave Trade
Slavery had been abolished in 1772 Britain and the slave trade act of 1807 due to the decreasing need of slavery. More people are getting jobs due to the industrial revolution. -
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Mexican Independence
Between the people of Mexico and Spanish Colonial authorities.
They wanted to have their own country after witnessing the American revolution, French revolution, and Haitian revolution. -
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Congress of Vienna
Conference of European ambassadors.
Goal was to settle remaining issues left from the French Revolutionary War, Napoleonic Wars, and dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. Seperated out land and first of many international meetings. -
Waterloo
An Imperial French army of the recently returned Napoleon fought against armies of the Seventh Coalition (group of countries together to fight), at Waterloo.
Was taken down by Prussia and the Anglo-Allied army and he abdicated the thrown and was exiled for the final time. -
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Brazilian Independence
War between Spain and Portugal. Celebrated on May 7th. Prince Pedros father had returned to Portugal after Napoleon due to Portugal wanting a new constitution and their king to approve. Pedros wife encouraged him to support the Brazilians independence. So the fought. -
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Greek Independence
Most of Greece had fallen under Ottoman rule after the collapse of Byzantine. So Greecians fought for their freedom from the Ottomans with help later on from Russian, UK, and France. Ottomans had help from Vassals in egypt and other allies. -
Dissolution of the Janissaries
Janissaries had gained a self importance attitude and seeked better treatment. The Sultan Mahmad II created a new army under secracy and set the Janissaries barracks to flame. Survivors were executed or exiled. -
End of Atlantic Slave Trade
Countries slowly started to pull out of slave trade as industrialism grew.
Brazil was the last to ban slave trade in 1831. This didn't mean slaves were freed, but that no more slaves could be sent out or made. -
Invention of the Telegraph
Transmits electric signals over wire to be translated into a message.
Samuel Morse created it due to his inability to know of his wifes failling health and be home before her death. A single wire telegraph.
Morse code is named after him. -
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Afrikaners' Great Trek
Boers had gotten dissatisfied with Britian ruling in Cape Colony. British equality rights proclimation and payment of compensation for slave-owners having freed slaves angered them. So the Boers took their familes and servents north to seek independence. A few skirmishes between them and the Europeans led to growing white dominance. -
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Opium Wars
England was trading the drug Opium to China. China realized the addiction and banned it. So British would ship it out and Chinese smugglers would take it into China beginning Chinas war against Britain to stop Opium trade.
Two wars and after the last one Britain had won and treaties said the British Empire had "most favored nation" status, meaning anything China wanted to do with another country, they had to offer it to Britian first.
Also the Treaty of Nanking and Tientsin opened many ports. -
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Revolutions in Austria, Germany, Hungary, and Italy (Revolutions of 1848)
The countries wanted unification of languages and to be free. Socialism was on the rise and a French revolution was revolting. Karl Marx wrote his piece "Communist Manifesto."
Many students fought along with the people for a better government. -
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Taiping Rebellion
Civil war in China between the government and Christianity.
Bloodiest civil war in history. French and British helped China defeat the rebellion. -
Period: to
Commodore Matthew Perry in Japan
Researched Japan and came with force and technology. Japan took the letter from the American President and the Japanese were scared. When Perry returned the Japanese proceeded with all demands. -
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Crimean War
War between Russian Empire and France, Britian, Ottoman, and Sardinia. Russia wanted territory from the declining Ottoman empire.
Florence Nightengale tended to the wounded and sick British soldiers.
The beginning of modern warfare. -
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Sepoy Rebellion
Rebellion against the East Indian Trade company by the Sepoy and other Indians. Eventually Britain took notice and made India officially governed by the Crown. -
Britain takes over India
Britain takes over India due to the Sepoy rebellion.
Queen Victoria was named Emporess of India.
Tolerence with each other. -
Period: to
Suez Canal
Shortened the distence for trade between Europe Asia by connecting the Meditteranian sea and the Red Sea.
No longer need to go around Africa. -
Emancipation of the Russian Serfs
Serfs were being treated terribly by the previous actions of the Russian empire. A new reformation was beginning and serfs were freed.
Had rights and could buy and own land. -
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Meiji Restoration
Restored imperial rule to Japan. Expanded Japan to trade and westernization. After Commodore Perry, they knew they were behind. -
Period: to
Imperialization of Africa
Also known as the Scramble for Africa. Europeans found gold and other resources in African land. They all started colonizing and taking missionaries over. -
Period: to
Aswan Dam
It reduced flooding of the Nile and conserve water.
Also to open up more land for a growing population along the Nile. -
Period: to
Boxer Rebellion
China was tired of the western influence and Christianity. Pushed them into hiding and fighting.
Ended with eight-nation allience defeating Chinas imperial army and treaties having China owing 450 million taels of silver. -
Period: to
Panama Canal
Opened up trade to go a more direct route from Atlantic to Pacific ocean by cutting between North and South America.
Instead of going around South America shipping is direct and better for trade. -
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Overthrow of Qing Dynasty
China had become unstable in the its government and economy. The people were rising up and rebelling.
With the emporers abdication of the throne, a warlord period took over China with no stable government and all for one self. -
African National Congress
Created due to injustice of blacks in South Africa.
Worked to restrict whites from expanding and gave blacks land.