-
The Mongol Dynasty was created in and around northern China, they were the largest land empire. Emerged very powerful and living in harsh climate they were very tough. Their military was brutal but also efficent
-
Also known as the universal ruler, he orginized the Mongols in to a strict and supurb battle skilled millitary. His army was mobile and quick to strike. In 20 years the army learned the art of seige warfare. Seige warfare- a military blockade of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by attrition or assault.
-
When Genghis Khan died the Mongols ruled most of norther and central China. The land was divied into four part for his four heirs. Each heir ruled one part of land.
-
Grandson of Genghis Khan, Kublai Khan, was determined to Rule all of China. He planned to do that with the conquest of China.
-
The grandson of Genghis, Batu, with the Golden Horde. They conqured Russia along with Hungary and Poland. The Mongols were planning on taking Western Eurpoe but turned back when they heard of the Great Khans death. Golden Horde- The Tartar and Mongol army, led by descendants of Genghis Khan, that overran Asia and parts of eastern Europe in the 13th century.
-
Kublai Khan was the gandson of Genghis Khan. He ruled over the Khanate of the Great Khan. He took the name of the Great Khan.
-
In the Mongols first attempt of conquering Japan they only gained a little land. Though their fleets got destroyed, Kublai Khan sent out a bigger fleet, they fought the Japanese for 50 days but soon another strom came that the Japanese called a kamikaze. Kamikaze- Divine wind
-
An Italian trader named Marco Polo come in to China with his father and traveled in and out for 17 years.
-
The Song Dynasty held back the Mongols for many years. Soon enough Kublai defeated the Song and created the Yuan Dynasty and delcared himself ruler. Song Dynasty- The imperial dynasty of China from 960 to 1279; noted for art and literature and philosophy.
-
Kublai Khan died in 1294, after he passed away there were problems on who would rule next. That lead to the weakening of the Yuan Dynasty.
-
When the Mongols were defeated, it gave China a great oppourtinity to make a new dynasty. The dynasty was the Ming.
-
When Marco Polo returned to Venice he was imprisoned, but when he was in prision he told stroies about the Chinese. A book written by one of the other prisioners that heard his stories became a big hit.
-
Along with the trade of slik and other goods, black death was also taded between Asia, the Middle East and Europe. Black Death-The great epidemic of bubonic plague that killed a large part of the population
-
A rebel army defeated the Mongols, there for ending the Yuan Dyansty and any foreign rule in China.
-
Zhu Yuanzhan and his army overthrew the Monogls and created the Ming Dynasty. He took the name of Hongwu.
-
He died and his son Yonglo became the new emperor.
-
In Beijing, the Forbidden City was built. Common people could not enter the city, all they could see of it was the golden rooftops. It was built for the Ming emperor and his family, court and servants. Forbidden City- An area of Beijing, China, that contains the former imperial palaces, to which entry was forbidden to all except imperial family members.
-
Zheng He led 7 different voyages from China to Africa. In his trips he would trade gifts. He did this to show China's power. The ships they traveled in wwere not the best but they worked for trading. The ships were called junks. Junks- A flat-bottomed sailing vessel typical in China and the East Indies, with a prominent stem, a high stern, and lugsails.
-
Yonglo rlued for 20 years and in those years her moved the Ming capital to Beijing. In the center of Beijing he bulit the Forbidden City.
-
With a new emperor in charge the oversea voyages ended. He thought that heir goods could be used for something better, and it was getting to expensive.
-
The Ming started to isolate the people from trade and travel outside. People still trabe but by smuggling it in or out.
-
One reason of isolation was the Christian missionaries. Although the Europeans had good ideas the MIng disliked it.
-
China has gotten many more crops such as corn and potstoes form the Americas.Their porcelain and slik production also incresed. Due to that the population grew to a substantial amount.
-
Matteo Ricci an Italian priest earned the Chinese's respect by learing the language and customs. He was later entered in the court and introduced mathmatics and science.
-
Along with the Europenas coming in, the Mongolas also started to worrie the Chineses. The Ming restored the previous parts of the Great Wall, but most of the Great Wall people see today is bulit by the Ming Dynasty. The Great Wall of China- A line of fortifications extending about 2,414 km (1,500 mi) across northern China.
-
Due to many weak rules that held the throne corruption of the Ming increased. The rulers had rasied taxes.
-
Beuse of the rasied taxes rebellions broke out, the emperor then killed himself so he wouldn't be captured by the Manchu.
-
After the Manchu overthrew the Ming they started their own dynasty called the Qing. The Qing is the very last dynasty in China. In China the Manchu were very respectful, they made women forbidden to bind their feet, and men had to were their hair the same way with a queue. Queue- A braid in the back of the head
-
Two rulers named Kangxi and his grandson Qianlong were both amazing rulers. Kangxi lowered taxesfor the peasants and enlarged the empire. He enjoyed learning and supported the arts. His grandson Qianlong led the Qing to their peak. He expaned the empire to Taiwan, Mongolia, amd Tibet.
-
A British offical Lord George Macartney discussed trade expasion. The Chinese told him that he would have to respect Qianlong by kowtowing. Macartney didnt do it so he left. Because China remained isolated it put them behind in advancedment in civilization compared to the Euopeans in the 1800's. Kowtowing- The act of deep respect shown by kneeling and bowing so low as to have one's head touching the ground.
