Mongol Empire: Politics

  • Temujin gains title of Chinggis Khan
    Jan 1, 1206

    Temujin gains title of Chinggis Khan

    Chinggis Khan means "universal leader" and Mongol was united under him.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1206 to Dec 31, 1227

    Reign of chinggis Khan

  • Period: Jan 1, 1209 to Dec 31, 1279

    Conquest of China

    China was the most difficult and extended of the Mongo's conquests. It took seventy years.
  • Beginning of Mongol Conquests
    Dec 12, 1209

    Beginning of Mongol Conquests

    Mongol expanded its territory from the Pacific coast of Asia to Eastern Europe.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1219 to Dec 31, 1221

    Initial assault on Persia

    Mongol's takeover in Persia was more abrupt than the extended process of conquest in China, consisted of only two assualts.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1237 to Dec 31, 1240

    Conquest of Russia

    Mongol armies were brutal, because they were armed with the catapults and battering rams adopted from Chinese or Muslim sources.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1241 to Dec 31, 1242

    Attacks in Eastern Europe; then withdrawal

    Mongol armies destroyed Polish, German and Hugarian forces, but the death of the Greak Khan Ogodei required them to return to Mongol.
  • Mongol in  Baghdad
    Jan 1, 1258

    Mongol in Baghdad

    It put an end to the Abbasid caliphate. More than 200, 000 people were massacred.
  • First failed Mongol attack on Japan
    Jan 1, 1271

    First failed Mongol attack on Japan

    A Failure due to a Typhoon
  • Period: Jan 1, 1271 to Dec 31, 1294

    Khubilai Khan as ruler of China

    His policies were based on the values of a benevolent Chinese emperor. He imporved roads, built canals, lowered some taxes and patronized scholars and artists.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1280 to Dec 31, 1367

    Yuan Dynasty

    The Mongols practiced Chinese administrative practices, techniques of taxation, and their poastal system. Also, the name "Yuan" is also Chinese, suggesting a new beginning in Chinese history.
  • Second failed Mongol attacks Japan
    Jan 1, 1281

    Second failed Mongol attacks Japan

    A failure due to a typhoon
  • Ming dynasty established
    Dec 12, 1368

    Ming dynasty established

    It was an end of Mongol rule in China.