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Engraving produced in 1696 by Jan Luyken
The engraving shows French Protestants being persecuted because of King Louis XIV's efforts to assimilate them into Catholics. Louis XIV had also imposed an emigration ban, leaving the people with not other choice but to flee using numerous means of transportation. Despite knowing they would get punished, some use sea navigation while others are on foot coming from all different directions.Some are holding children while others have livestock. This was an opportunity for religious freedom. -
Expulsions et Embarguement des Jésuites des États d'Espagne Par Ordre de S.M.C le 3
King Charles III of Spain orders for the expulsion of the Jesuits. They were threatened by the control they had over the Catholic Church. This lead to political threats and the solution was to get rid of them. One can see how there is a Jesuit on the floor covering his face while being shoved with weapons. One can also see ships leaving presumably with more Jesuits. What is key to notice is that they are migrating forcefully. Their choice of clothing makes them appear more suspicious. -
"Der Versuch" by Theodor Herzl published in 1896
Between 1871 and 1914 Jews are emigrating from Europe. This is due to the poverty and anti-semitism. This then leads to the rise of the Zionist movement which is a response to what is happening in Europe. Theodor Herzl founds the movement and writes a book. This book influences the Jews to come together in acquiring a territory to settle on. This can only be achieved through immigration in which was initially influenced by oppression. -
Flight of the bourgeoisie from Novorossiysk in 1920 by Ivan Vladimirov.
This image depicts the events of when the White Armed Forces and refugees were trying to escape the civil war. The crowd is storming on a ship in effort to migrate away from the atrocities of war. One can see that it is overcrowded and they are holding their possessions ready to embark on the ship. They are impatiently trying to get on as it is inevitable what staying during a civil war will lead up to. Soldiers are getting aggressive as everyone begins to push and make efforts to emigrate.