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The first telescopic observation of Mars was made by Galileo Galilei in 1610.
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In 1877, Giovanni Schiaparelli, an Italian astronomer, was the first person to draw a map of Mars. His map showed a system of streaks or channels, which he called canali.
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Failed-it didn't reach orbit.
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10 October 1960 - Attempted Mars Flyby (Launch Failure)
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was launched by Russia in 1962. It by-passed Mars but communication failed
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Returned more than 25 gigabits of data!
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This Soviet flyby mission went awry when its solar panels failed to fully open. Mission personnel lost contact with Zond 2 in May 1965.
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The first spacecraft to visit Mars.
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Orbiter obtained approximately 8 months of data and lander landed safely, but only 20 seconds of data.
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Returned 16,000 images and extensive atmospheric data and soil experiments.
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More images than all Mars Missions!!
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This lander (launched separately) was to work in concert with Mars Climate Orbiter to study Mars’s climate and weather, but the lander also failed.
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Operating lifetime of more than 15 times original warranty.
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It explored Mar's inhabibility.
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18 November 2013 - Mars Scout Mission Orbiter. It is the most recent spacecraft going to Mars.
