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Revolts Begin In French Colony of Vietnam
In an effort to gain independence, the Vietnamese began a long war against the French known as the First Indochina War. This war managed to free the Vietnamese of unjust French rule but lasted eight long years.http://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/94/71394-004-C2AD19EE.jpg -
Period: to
Major Events spanning from 1961 to 1975
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Jackie Robinson becomes First Black in Major Leagues
Jackie Robinson broke barriers that had never been truly confronted before. He withstood insults, heckling, and physical abuse by others players but managed to become rather successful in the major leagues.
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Segregation in Schools Outlawed
In the case Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court decided that seperate was not equal in the case of schools. This was due to the fact that Whites had much better educational establishments compared to Blacks.
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France Loses Control of Vietnam
Under the control of the French, Vietnam and its people were exploted for labor and resources. After the return of the colony to Franve after WWII, the Vietnamese began to revolt and eventually broke away by 1954.http://www.travel-images.com/pht/vietnam91.jpg -
South Vietnamese Leader, Diem, Assassinated
In October of 1955, Diem's corrupt regime was losing support and this was a problem. In order to keep the people from rebelling and turning to communism, The US orchestrated the assassination of Diem to place a more supported leader in power.http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ngo_Dinh_Diem_-_Thumbnail_-_ARC_542189.gif/220px-Ngo_Dinh_Diem_-_Thumbnail_-_ARC_542189.gif -
Buses go Empty as Bus Boycott Begin
After the arrest of Rosa Parks, the Black community ran a mass boycott of the bus systems in Montgomery. The profits of the buses plummeted and the boycott was eventually victorious. -
Women Protest For Equality
As inequality grew in the eyes of scoiety and law in terms of gender, women began protesting to get equality under the law. Many felt they were treated unfairly and often not given the respect s man recieved in laws. They gained many changes durings the 1960's.http://occupyportland.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/feminist-journerys-01-womens-day-b-w-march.jpg -
Chicanos Seek to Gain Equality
Along with the other groups trying to gain equality, the Chicanos protested to be viewed the same under the law. Many felt they were unworthy of all but the most menial, lowest paying jobs.ome felt they focused too much on social issues rather than actual equality under the law.http://depts.washington.edu/civilr/images/mecha/photos/Chicano%20Power%20001%20HBCLS%20crop250.jpg -
Civil Rights Movement Adopts Non-violence
In order to not stoop to the level of the White Supremacists, the Civil Rights Movement adopted non-violence which helped them gain sympathy and national attention when under attack by the police of many cities. -
Bay of Pigs Invasion Failed, Administraion Embarassed
The United States trained and supplied weapons to exiled Cubans to allow them to invade Cuba. This was a failed attempt on April 17th, 1961 ro topple the communist regime of Fidel Castro in Cuba.
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Freedom Riders Leave to Desegregate Bus Stations
When th south failed to enforce the decision by the Supreme Court to desegregate bus stations, freedom riders left to challenge the south's ideals on keeping these areas desegregated. Violence often broke out toward these people. -
America and the Soviets Race to Space
After the Soviets successfully launched the first satellite made by man, America began to race with them at every possible milestone that could be considered. America eventually won with putting the first man on the moon. -
Cubans Accept MRBMs from Soviets, America in Fear
As Soviets moved missiles in to protect the Cubans from invasion, the U.S. began to prepare for war. It wasn't until the end of the crisis that a peaceful solution was reached, hours before all-out nuclear war.
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Counterculture Emerges From Vietnam Protests.
As the war in Vietnam pressed on, groups formed to protest and express their views. The Hippie Counterculture was very prevalent. They focused on peace with nature, a focus on art and music, protesting agianst war, and often wore loose clothing and used recreational drugs.http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hy_P7LE-RsQ/UBrfYrX67cI/AAAAAAAAACI/L_eJVQt6m6I/s320/hippies.jpg -
Mainstream Society Reacts Agianst Hippies
Almost as soon as the Hippie Movement gained national attention, society reacted, viewing the hippies as dirty, drug addicted, hypocrites that used their parent's money to attend school. This oppostion was never truly given national attention, because many were silent.http://img0.etsystatic.com/000/0/5264915/il_fullxfull.277714592.jpg -
Kennedy Assassinated, America in Mourning
After being shot by the sniper rifle of Lee Harvey Oswald, JFK died and America was sent into a state of shock. Lynden B. Johnson eventually took over as president and tried to continue JFK's legacy.
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President Lyndon Establishes Commission to Solve JFK's Murder
After JFK's murder, the public thought it was of the most importance to find the killer. Lyndon B. Johnson established the Warren Commission to find the killer. The Commission was successful and Lee Harvey Oswald was brought to justice, bringing Americans closure.
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Lyndon Makes Legislation to Help American Poor
Due to the great poverty that existed during the 60's. Lyndon B. Johnson thought it necessary to make legislation that would make it easier on those with less money. This included tax breaks and government programs that people could sign up for.
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24th Amendment Ratified by States
The 24th Amendment was passed to end poll taxes and literacy tests at voting stations for blacks. This practice was incredibly unfair and the Amendment ended it, and was seen as a large step for Civil Rights.
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MFDP Forms, Encourages Black Registration
On April 26th, 1964, a group formed of both blacks and whites to encourage the registration of blacks for voting which was largely discouraged at the time.
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Job Corps Created for Those on Tough Times
This program was made by Lyndon B. Johnson to teach trades to those that didnt have jobs of their own at the time. This was one of several programs made to raise living conditions for the American poor. It still exists since it was created in 1964.
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Poor People's Campiagn Made to End All Races Poverty
This was set up by Martin Luther King to fight poverty for all races. It helped support many people and went on even after King's death. Many agree that it was largely successful in its goals of helping others.http://breakingbrown.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/poor-peoples-campaign1.jpg -
Violence Breaks Out At Freedom Summer
The goal of Freedom Summer was to organize black voters to vote without attacks by whites. Murders took place from whites that felt the social order would be threatened.
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Civil Rights Act Passed
This act made segregation of race or ethnicity illegal and was passed to go into affect on July 2nd, 1964. This was the major goal of the civil rights era and was a major advance for all Americans.
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Rolling Thunder Commences
In an effort to wipe out the VC and NVA presence in South Vietnam, The US conducted huge bombing runs during the Vietnam War, killing many, and wiping out huge areas of land. This had a huge psychological effect on the enemy.http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_7RRTRlEtSGM/TNQ2fhZG4CI/AAAAAAAAAEo/GsFmkSJUXaE/s1600/picture+46.jpg -
Black Panthers Form, Endorse Violence
The Black Panther Party formed in 1966 to invoke a rebellion of blacks against the government that seemed to support whites. They were not afraid to use violence when necessary and were considered a radical militant group.
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New Youth Culture Emerges
As the Vietnam war went on, many young people began to question why it was occuring. Many began to protest the war in mass groups and adopted their own culture. This was known as the hippie movement and went on for the rest of the war.https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/131745423/Accidental_Peace_Print_Singleton_hippie_art.jpg -
MAYO Seeks Representation on School Boards
Education was often very unfair to Mexican youths in the 1960's. It was always much harder for them to attend and harder for them to stay in school. This group, MAYO, staged walk-outs in colleges and managed to eventually gain representation on the school boards where they could control their own future.http://a4.ec-images.myspacecdn.com/profile01/141/7e3f2066f4d34beca230c8d3c700f91e/p.jpg -
Kerner Commission Made to Improve Race Relations
The Kerner Commission was made to investigate the cause of the 1967 race riots. It helped promote ideas to improve relations and showed Johnson's dedication to civil rights.
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Brown Berets Promote Mexican Equality
The Brown Berets was a group that branched off of MAYO. Their main focuz was educational equality and going against police brutality that often occured during protests. One Problem though was the evident sexism that existed in the group. They focused on males and gave little attention to women.http://a4.ec-images.myspacecdn.com/images02/86/bff36f0871a54039b0db36b0ad102711/l.jpg -
America Attacked on All Fronts in Vietnam
As the war went on, NVA forces began to plan a mass attack on American forces throughout South Vietnam. This attack occured during the Tet holiday and although it was a victory for America, the American public saw it as a crushing defeat.http://www.onthisdeity.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/TetOffensive.jpg -
King Dead, Thousands in Mourning
While fighting for black sanitation worker's rights, King was fatally shot by a white rifleman who didnt support his ideas. King spent his whole life fighting for civil rights and died for his cause. Many mourned his tragic death.
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Civil Rights Act of 1968 Enacted
This act was made to make it illegal to discriminate against anyone in terms of housing. This act also made it illegal to incite riots in response to the 1967 race riots. Many felt it went against nonviolent political protest.http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/LBJ_signing_Civil_Rights_Act_of_1968_ppmsca.03196.jpg -
Johnson Loses Support for War
As Johnson's administration was coordinating the war in Vietnam, people began to wonder if Johnson was capable of ending it. Soon Johnson lost support and desperately seeked to reach peace to raise his numbers for reelection.http://www.nps.gov/lyjo/planyourvisit/images/resign.jpg -
AIM Calls For Equality of Native Americans
In the late 60's, the American Indian population had lost their identity. Many felt that the rest of America had forgotten that they had even existed. Several got together to form AIM and gain equality for Native Americans. Many schools adopted a new style of teaching for them so they could keep their rich heritage.http://www.aics.org/aimed/aimaim.gif -
Nixon Elected to Presidency
With his pledge to end the war with honor, Nixon easily won the presidency in November of 1968. Many were tired of Johnson's Administration and hoped the Republican Party would conduct themselves differently.http://www.taylormarsh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/richard-nixon.jpg -
Troop Morale at All Time Low for War
As the war dragged on, many soldiers began to question why they were in Vietnam. Many even wondered if the US had had any measurable success in the war since it began in 1955. As a result, many veterans joined the counter culture to protest the war.http://libcom.org/files/young-Vietnam-GI.jpg -
ARVN Increases as American Troops Pull Out
In 1969, Nixon began a policy of Vietnamization, which consisted of strengthening the ARVN forces in South Vietnam and pulling out American troops simultaneously. This was criticized due to the slow speed and mistrust of the ARVN to do their job.http://brynnhistory12.weebly.com/uploads/1/4/1/2/14126826/4274328_orig.jpg -
Vienna Conference signs Treaties into Law
This Conference waas held by many of the major countries of the time, including the United States and Soviet Union. Tensions were high but treaties were able to be passed from Vienna.
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Kent State in Chaos, Other Schools Follow
As unrest grew, protests began to grow in size themselves. In Kent State University, National Guard Troops were called in to control a crowd of college students forming, but chaos broke out as 4 students were shot and riots broke out at the school. This was all over the war of Vietnam.http://www.trbimg.com/img-4fa4119c/turbine/la-na-nn-kent-state-survivors-20120504-001/600 -
Kent State in Chaos
During the Vietnam War, a large majority of protesters were young college students. These students would organize protests and were often subject to police brutality. One Such occurance was at Kent State in Ohio, where 4 students were killed by shots fired by police.http://archives.library.wisc.edu/uw-archives/exhibits/protests/Peterson_sit_in1.jpg -
Abortion Regulations Challenged By Roe v. Wade
As the issue of abortion and women's rights both came to light, the Roe v. Wade case came into the national spotlight. Many were divided on whether to support the rights of the Mother or the rights of the fetus. It was decided the mother could decide until the fetus could survive outside of her body.http://www.streetlaw.org/images/299x200/Case/Image/11 -
Black Power in Decline
Although Black Power had success in fighting for equality, it eventually lost power as it's members left and many of its main goals were achieved. The group was often criticized for seeming to support violence and how many of its meetings were racially exclusive.http://leahmorrigan.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/blackpower-blackunity-blackpanthers.jpg -
War in Vietnam Ends, Public Indifferent
After many years of war in Vietnam, peace was able to be reached in 1973 in Paris. Many felt this agreement wasted the deaths of the Americans in Vietnam and made the entire war pointless, nevertheless America left the war and North Vietnam was eventually victorious.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vietnam_peace_agreement_signing.jpg
