-
469 BCE
Socrates
He was an Athenian Philosopher whose questions and opinions clashed with the current course of Athenian politics and society.
According to him, “no one commits an evil act knowingly and doing wrong arises out of ignorance”. A person will commit only moral evil if he lacks moral knowledge. -
428 BCE
Plato
He ranks among the greatest philosophers of the world and is viewed by many scholars as the most important Philosopher of Western civilization. He held that moral values are objective in the sense that they exist in a spirit-like realm beyond subjective human conventions. -
384 BCE
Aristotle
He is considered as the “Father of Western Philosophy” and he emphasized that virtue is practical and that the purpose of ethics is to become good. Virtues are good habits that we acquire that regulates our emotions -
Moral Potivisim
Thomas Hobbes believes that human beings are basically selfish creatures who would do anything to improve their position. According to him, people would act on their evil impulses if left alone for themselves; therefore they should not be trusted to make decisions on their own. In addition, Hobbes felt that nations are selfishly motivated and their country is in the constant battle for power and wealth. -
Utilitarianism
Utilitarian ethics is best explained by the maxim. “Do whatever produces the greatest good for the greatest number.”The theory argues that what makes an act right is its consequences and not the motive of the action.