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Booth's papaers on the conditions of the poor in London
Had heard reports abot poverty, and wanted to see for himself, had not believed they would be underestimates. Was a respected buisiness man and was thus listened to. 30% of the population were living in very porr condidtions , barely able to provide for themselves. -
Jewish immagrants working in sweated trade
People living in horribly cramped conditions - large population of Briatian was under the 'poverty line' and there were high levels of unemployment. "a man, his wife, six children slept and in which 10 men were usually employed, so that eighteen persons were living in one room" -
Rowntree published his book to raise awarness of the poor.
'Poverty:A study of town life'- Seebohm Rowntree- confectionary ,was a dedicated social reformer. His book turned attitudes to help the poor. H e proved poverty wa soften the result of uncontrollable matters, not lazyness or drink. -
Galt raises awarness about the poor of the East End.
Not as famous as Booth and Rowntree , Galt was a missionary dedicated to helping the poor of London. He took photos and performed magic lantern shows to the aristocracy to show them the poverty. -
Boer War
61% of Britains soldiers were unfit. This made it obvious that a reform was need to not only defend the empire but to make sure that Britatns army and workforce could support eachother and the country.
Briatin's industrail might was being challenged by USA and Germany and so we had to mass a much more effective workforce.( this led to healthcare etc.) -
Study into life expectancy of the 'poor'
164/1000 deaths compared to 12/1000 in 2013. Sjowimng poverty was caused by disease and that the poo must be helped for the sake of the future and of the country as a whole. -
Letter on Health of children
Showed that 'well to do' children were healthier in every aspect then those who were poor- confirming Rowntree's theory. -
1906- Lberals win the election
Although it was seventh on the liberal 'to do' list when they were elected into goverment , within a very short time the Liberals decided they must embark on the most ambitious program of social reform ever.
It was seen as morally wrong taht such povefty should exist. -
Llyod- George and Churchill to power
These two were elevated to Chancellor of the Exchequer and President of Trade respectively and were inspired by the work of Rowntree- they were aware of the vast contrast in wealth from the rich tot the poor. -
Childrens act
Children could not be insured- protected persons
Provide free school meals
Every school had to have proper healthcare( clinic)
Reduced child neglect
- better children- better future -
Peoples Budget
Compulsory tax on the rich to provide benefits for the poor.
The rich didnyt bwork and inherited money/ poor work , no money- wasnt right
House of Lords tried to stop the bill being passed. -
Old age pension
LLoyd George introduced the pension - a person over 70 with no income would recieve 5 shillings a week. Mnay old peopel were dependant on poor relief etc.
when introduces 650,000 claimed pensions , outdoor relief numbers fell by 80000
poverty tackled via direct goverment funding -
Labour Exchanges- Tackling unemployment
These were like the job centres of todya. People went in and gave here respective job skills, they were then assigned work.
1913- labour exchanges put 3000 poeple in work every day. -
National Insurance Act
Llyod -George went further than anyone before
- Inemplymoent benefit- healthier country- better future.