-
Period: to
Key Aims
World Revolution
Security of USSR -
Decree of Peace
- Trie to remove himself from WW1 due to people's desire to stop fighting
- Would gain no land only peace
- Fell through
-
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
- Harsh demands made harsher with Russian hesitance
- Bolshevik Central Commitee want peace at whatever cost
- Finland Independent
- Estonia Latvia Lithuania Independent
- Lost 1/6 of Population
- Lost 26% of railway lines Would regain territories they lost but must ensure survival
No Bolshevik wanted to claim they backed it -
Period: to
Civil War
- Whites vs Reds (tsarists. army officers, landlords)
- Lack of white unity, only a common enemy
- Peasants refuse to fight bcs given land by Bolsheviks
- SURVIVAL !
- Foreign intervention USA, BR, FR, JP
- 100,000 Br rifles and 200,000 US rifles given to whites
- Western forces recall by late 1920
- Offered provisional gov substancial financial aid
- National Famine
- Industrial output down 31% vs 1913
-
Comintern
- Under Zinoview
- Aim to spread world revolution
- Spartacist Uprising
- Soviet Republic in Hungary (Bela Kun) + Barvaroa
- Tighter control
- Party programmes approved by comintern
- Organised on Centralisation + Discipline
- Parties prepare for civil war (underground cells, organisations, propaganda)
-
Paris Peace Conference
Where Lord Curzon proposed where Poland's Eastern border should be (Curzon line) -
Russo-Polish War
- Poland invades bc of civil war
- Failure of Red Army to take Warsaw, big disappointment !
- Peaceful coexistance !
- "Red bridge into Europe"
- Poland gains land in Ukraine and Byelorussia
-
Period: to
Key Aims
Peaceful Coexistance
Security -
Treaty of Riga
- HARSH
- Lost parts of white Russia
- Polish border 160kms eastwards of Curzon Line
-
Anglo-Soviet Trade Agreement
-
Genoa Conference
- Develop relations w/ other countries = reduce isolation, gain trade
- Need modern machinery
- Had to trade bcs of poor financial situation
- Offered loans + credits if tsarist debts settled + western seized assets were restored
-
Treaty of Rapallo
- W/ Germany, both outcasts
- Neutral if either attacked
- Trained Red Army
- Weapon experimentation
- Markets for German heavy industry = 47% Russian imports were German
- Long term loans
-
Curzon Ultimatum
- Soviet Union told to stop propaganda campaign
- Accused of breaking term of Anglo-Russian trade agreement
-
Zinoviev Letter
- Letter sent to British Communit Party to urge them to prepare for a coup to topple gov.
- Published in a newspaper
- Contributed to the Labour party's loss in general election
- New Conservative government suspended all dealings with the soviet government in 1925
-
General Trade and Commercial Treaty
-
Lenin's Death