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How it started
The civil war started on April 13, 1975, in Beirut, when gunmen killed four Phalangists during an attempt on Pierre Jumayyil's life. The URL of the attached picture: http://media.gettyimages.com/photos/people-of-beirut-stroll-along-destroyed-and-damaged-buildings-the-picture-id607382598?k=6&m=607382598&s=594x594&w=0&h=rWyks9GkK-tiR7BrsYtgNpluy8j1bmBuoa_erNz0XlQ= -
Taking Revenge.
The Phalangist believed the attempt was on the behalf of the Palestinians. To take revenge they attacked a bus carrying Palestinian and they killed twenty six passengers.
Image URL: https://www.google.com/search?biw=1280&bih=603&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=hn0IXIeJOYaf_QaJqbTQDQ&q=lebanon+civil+war+in+1975+bus+&oq=lebanon+civil+war+in+1975+bus+&gs_l=img.3...4183.4709..4810...0.0..0.52.246.5......1....1..gws-wiz-img.YJgJpyE4KXg#imgrc=QKIt6j1b4j2zLM: -
Failing of the negotiations.
However, these negotiations failed because of the Lebanese Front-Palestinian which entered the battle and they took the town of Damour.They killed almost 582 Christians. Image URL: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwjIrPbkj4rfAhXpzVkKHYA8C08QjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pinterest.com%2Fpin%2F294634000598488279%2F&psig=AOvVaw2mccXrkmafg06K0HLIlEGR&ust=1544148551227009 -
Role of the government.
The government didn't do much because the leaders were unable to reach an agreement between them to stop the war. The fighting started to spread to other areas of the country and forced the civilians to go to safe zones. However, many civilians got killed due to this war.
Image URL:https://milinme.wordpress.com/2013/04/21/lebanese-civil-war-1975-1990-vehicles-2-the-psp-vehicles/ -
Two main parts.
The two main parts of the war consisted of Christians versus Muslims. Image URL: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwip1cmNi4rfAhUuWN8KHZ-5CJ8QjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F%40abecollier%2Freligiously-divided-politics-d4d878205378&psig=AOvVaw0RebF4nZA4tPPNEDvs8_Lw&ust=1544147288820041 -
Role of Syria
Syria diplomatic involvement grew during 1976, and on January 1976 it succeeded in organizing a cease-fire and set up the High Military Committe to give all sides to negotiate. Image URL: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi31bOwkYrfAhWmzlkKHVsHBjkQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPalestinian_insurgency_in_South_Lebanon&psig=AOvVaw0wwufPrz28zT3d8ux1qwaa&ust=1544148967196852 -
A Political Breakthrough.
On February 14,1976, Syria helped in reforming seventeen point into program known as Constitutional Document. But the progress was broke because of the Lebanese Army was divided into two sided resulting in attacking the presidential palace, and forcing the president to escape to mount Lebanon. -
Jumblat's Role.
Jumblat didn't like the interfering of Syria. He also saw that the new president Sarkis who came after Franjiyeh had strong backing support from Syria. -
Syria Interference.
At the end of May 1976, Syria intervened the war against the Lebanese National Movement. The Syrian forces faced heavy resistance however, by entering the Christian side Syria raised the rage of the Arab world.
Image URL: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi-lf-enorfAhWKnFkKHX3lAAcQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gotc-se.org%2Fstatements%2FSOUTH_OF_LEBANON_UPD1.html&psig=AOvVaw07mEKHg8woP3R6SlmUzthN&ust=1544149871313604 -
Two possible outcomes.
Two possible outcomes were going to happen. The first one was creating an independent Christian state in Mount Lebanon, and the second one was to create a radical hostile state on Syria's western border if the Lebanese National Movement won the war. However, Hafiz Al Assad didn't accept these outcomes. -
The ADF
Because the President Sarkis found difficulties in forming an army, the ADF consisted of 30,000 men, of whom 27,000 were Syrian. The rest were from Saudi Arabia, Lybia, and Persia. Image URL: https://milinme.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/adf04.jpg -
Rebuilding Army Forces
With the assistance of the United States in 1982 Lebanon began to rebuild his army. Image URL: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjDj9ChporfAhVorlkKHcqwD1kQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brookings.edu%2Farticles%2Fwhy-military-assistance-programs-disappoint%2F&psig=AOvVaw2AUtj22wluP8Vx4cTjDv0h&ust=1544154586257348 -
The attack on the US embassy.
After many failure trial from the U.S. And the West on removing the Syrian troops from Lebanon, on April 18,1983, the U.S.Embassy suffered from a suicide attack resulting in 63 deads. Also, bombing of the headquarters of U.S. and French forces on October 23, 1983 resulting in 298 dead person. -
Hizballah in 1984
Hizballah was created when they believed that the Christians in Lebanon were primarily the U.S. and Israel interest. It was supported by Syria and Iran.
Image URL : https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwi76oy1rIrfAhXPq1kKHcbVBOwQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2016%2F12%2F23%2Fto-combat-illegal-immigration-trump-should-target-latin-americas-hezbollah-nacro-nexus%2F&psig=AOvVaw3fWc_ynhgVPWttDTolSOHs&ust=1544156224377360 -
The Taif agreement
On January 1989, the Arab committee started to find solutions to the Lebanese conflicts. Leading into a meeting in Tai'f Saudi Arabia, where they agreed on several things. -
End of the war 1990
After agreeing on the Tai'f, several steps were taken. In August 1990, they agreed on reforming the parliament and expanding it into 128 seats dividing it equally between Christians and Muslims.
Image URL:https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiKqbnZrorfAhXNtVkKHQytDEoQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.info%2Fon-this-day%2F1990-multiparty-parliament-croatia%2F&psig=AOvVaw0Vwq5URwF0Th-GsaWGojrR&ust=1544156855200507 -
The 1988 - 1990
General Aoun wanted to declare the war against the Syrian who were still occupying the country.Hundreds of Lebanese soldiers and civilians were killed.As a result he was exiled to France from 1990 till 2005 and Syria remained in Lebanon.
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