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The Catholics tried to conquer Jerusalem and the Holy land from the Muslims.
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Once the Crusades took place, European citizens had been forced to leave their country and venture out into new places. Because of this, Europe shifted its focus to trade, starting a commercial revolution, and pursuing the goods that were scarce where they resided but plentiful in other countries.
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Marco Polo was born into a family of merchants which soon formed the reasons to why he was such a famous explorer.
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Leading up to this point, the Polos had been traveling and trading around the world and had finally started their journey back home.
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After traveling with his family, Marco polo ended up captaining a galley-ship, but ended up getting captured by his towns rival city, Genoa.
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During the Age of Exploration Portuguese captured the Fortress of Ceuta, which was their first step to controlling the global market of gold and let them set up trading posts in Africa. -
Being funded by Prince Henry, Portuguese was able to discover Madeira and this discovery helped encourage Prince Henry and explorers. -
This discovery, like the Madeira Islands, encouraged Prince Henry and the explorers to keep going. -
Prince Henry's ships return from their voyage, and their success motivated Portuguese to venture even farther than before. -
With the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella Spain was finally unified and they began working towards competing for global power. -
Columbus presents his plan of sailing west to get to east India before Portugal and was rejected. -
Portugal reached the tip of Africa and then were able to go around it to get to the other side. -
Columbus' voyage made landfall on Hispaniola, which he wrongly believed was the East Indies. -
Exploration down the west coast line finally reached this point and this lead to them reaching India. -
Thomas Hobbes wrote The Leviathan, sharing his perspectives on men and authority, which he believed authority was necessary for men. -
John Locke wrote The Second Treatise on Government, discussing his views of men and government where he believed men had reason and therefore could decide for themselves. -
The Declaration of Independence was written at this time and was greatly inspired by the beliefs of John Locke. -
The Declaration of the Rights of Man was written and was greatly inspired by the Declaration of Independence. -
Slaves began the Haitian Revolution, fighting for the abolishment of slavery. -
Haitian Revolution ended, ending slavery on the island and French control over the island. -
French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Spain and betrayed the ideals from the French Revolution. -
Father Miguel Hidalgo asked the people residing in the town of Dolores to take up their arms and use them to fight for independence, this event being el Grito de Dolores. -
Bolívar invaded Venezuela, beginning the Admirable Campaign. -
José de San Martín liberated Santiago, Chile after it was captured by forces loyal to Spain, then continuing his original plan of capturing Lima. -
In 1819 there was an economic depression, causing banks to fail. -
Moses Austin crossed into Texas to start a colony. -
Bolívar created Gran Columbia under his new government. -
Though over a decade after they began fighting for independence, the city of Dolores won their fight for independence from Spain. -
Mexico passed the Imperial Colonization Law which allowed people to colonize land and bring in settlers.
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Bolívar became Supreme Leader of Peru, becoming a dictator. -
The Mexican Constitution of 1824 was created, Mexico proclaiming they would be governed by a president, would have a congress to make laws, and would create a federalist government. -
Austin decided his colony needed a capital so he decided to make one in the middle of the colony called San Felipe de Austin.
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Austin was in the process of gaining more contracts for more colonies and there were 1,790 colonists and 440 enslaved African Americans living in his main one.
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The Republic of Fredonia started, declaring independence from Mexico. -
There had been between 100 and 200 residents in San Felipe de Austin.
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The Mexican government issued a decree that ended all immigration from the U.S to give them more control over Texas -
After conflicts being caused by the Law of April 6th, Texas wrote a series of statements called the Turtle Bayou Resolutions, denying that they were attacking the Mexican government. -
After Santa Anna became president, the Texans gave him a list of grievances and present their requests.
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Santa Anna became the president of Mexico. -
Santa Anna believed that Mexico was not ready for democracy and declared himself dictator. -
General Cos ordered that all weapons given to Texas should be given back to Mexico, but Texans fought back, challenging the Mexicans to "Come and Take It." -
Texans defeated General Cos, gaining San Antonio. -
Mexican cavalry attempted to take supplies from the Texans, but The Texans were able to move to attempt to stop them. -
Concerned Texans called for a meeting, called the Consultation of 1835, though at this meeting Texans were divided, some wanting to keep peace with Mexico while others wanted immediate independence instead. -
Gonzales volunteers made a surprise attack, soon causing the Mexican army to retreat. -
Texan soldiers marched on Goliad and defeated thirty Mexican soldiers in a surprise attack, capturing the Presido La Bahía. -
The Mexican army was attacked by the Texans in remembrance of the Alamo and the Goliad. -
The Treaty of Velasco recognized Texas as an independent country, no longer under Mexicos control. -
The battle of the Alamo was started by the Mexican troops beginning a siege on the Alamo for 13 days. -
Once the 13 day siege was over, the actual battle lasted 30 minutes, ending with a Mexican victory.