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35 BCE
Marcus Quintillanus
A Roman rhetorician.Established a public school in Rome. Advocated for a teacher/classroom learning environment when education was nearly universally private. Established an education system of middle school, high school and college -
1450
Johann Gutenberg
He was the inventor of movable-type mechanical printing in Europe. He development of a press that mechanized the transfer of ink from movable type to paper.
For the first time in history, books could be mass-produced — and at a fraction of the cost of conventional printing methods.
Between 1450 and 1455, Gutenberg printed several texts, but details are not known; his texts did not bear the printer's name or date, so attribution is possible only through external references. -
Frederic Burk
Spread ideas on self-instructed learning with minimal teacher assistance
pre-WW2
1912- The modern individualized instruction approach was developed by Frederic Burk
Considered to be apart of what we call today the “progressive movement” in education -
John B. Watson
A pioneering psychologist who played an important role in developing behaviorism
believed that psychology should primarily be scientific observable behavior. He is remembered for his research on the conditioning process, as well as the Little Albert experiment -
B.F. Skinner
B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) was a social developmentalist and behaviorist.
Received his Ph.D. in psychology from Harvard
Was a researcher at Harvard from 1931-1936
He was the Edgar Pierce Professor of Psychology from 1958 until he retired in 1974
Was influence by John B. Watson’s philosophy of behaviorism
Wrote The Science of Learning and the Art of Teaching, 1954 -
Robert Mills Gagné
Robert Mills Gagné (August 21, 1916 – April 28, 2002) was an American educational psychologist best known for his Conditions of Learning.
Co-developer of "Instructional Systems Design".
Wrote The Conditions of Learning, 1965.
Co-wrote Principles of Instructional Design.
Gagne’s idea is tied to Skinner’s idea of sequenced learning events as displayed in his Nine Events of Instruction. -
Richard Feynman
(1919 - 1988) American physicist known for his contributions to quantum mechanics and particle physics
Won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1965 for the development of a field called quantum electrodynamics
Advocated against rote learning or memorization as an approach to learning science
Suggested that teaching was a way to learn by seeing problems from different perspectives (the students) -
Michael Scriven
Michael Scriven (1928- ) a British born academic philosopher was best known for his work in evaluation.
In 1967 observed that there is a need to try out different instructional approaches with learners before the form of instruction is finalized -
Howard Gardner
1943-
American developmental psychologist
1983 book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences: In Gardner’s words, Students: “possess different kinds of minds and therefore learn, remember, perform, and understand in different ways” . First to try to break down ‘intelligence’ from a single entity and to acknowledge there may be multiple intelligences. -
Salman ‘Sal’ Khan
1976-
American Educator and Entrepreneur who founded the Khan Academy.
Khan Academy is a free online education platform that has produced over 7000 video lessons. One of the first online learning platforms and now one of the largest non profit providers according to “The Chronicle of Higher Education”
Founded in 2005 as a non profit with a goal of creating online tools to help students.
