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The Congress of Vienna re-created Austrian rule over the Italian peninsula. This left Italy cut into many pieces. The strongest Italian state was known as the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont. It had recieved the lands previously owned by the former Republic of Genoa. This helped make them a trade centered port.
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This movement was created by Giuseppe Mazzini who was an Italian patriot. His ideas were favored and were spread across Italy.
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Napoleon III helped drive Austria out of the northern Italian provinces.
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Northern states voted to join the Kingdom of Sardinia. Napoleon III concluded a seperate pace with Austria. He left Carvour to fight the war alone
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Venetia was obtained by Italy after Prussia defeated Austria in the seven weeks war. During the war Italy sided with Prussia gaining Venetia as a prize.
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The people of Rome voted for a union with Italy, in which ended in Rome becoming the Capital of united Italy.