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In the year 1831 the nationalist leader named Giuseppe Mazzini founded a group called young Italy. It was a secret society/group with the goal of making Italy a "free, independent, republican nation."
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In 1848 a group of nationalists in Venice conquered the city's arsenal then declared that a republic of Venice be established.
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In 1849 Austrian forces defeated the rebellion in Venice
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In 1852 King Victor Emmanuel II appoints Camillo Cavour his prime minister, a wealthy man from a Noble family. Cavour was a monarchist that believed in realpolitik. Once in office Cavour I'm proved agriculture and farming, supported free trade and put in new railroads. His goal was to rid Italy of Austrian dominance and "annex the provinces of Lombardy and Venetia."
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During the Crimean war against Russia, Sardinia allies with Britain and France
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In 1858 prime minister cavour and Napoleon III negotiate a secret deal
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Cavour provokes Austria to start a war
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In 1860 Cavour provides Giuseppe Garibaldi with weapons for him and his army of 1,000 red shirts to invade Sicily and eventually take Naples.
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Cavour dies, but King Victor Emmanuel II is crowned king of italy
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as a patriotic gesture garibaldi Handed over Sicily and Naples to King Emmanuel who conquers Rome which becomes the capital of a now unified Italy