-
Muhammad is born in Mecca. He comes from a noble family and is well-known for his honesty and upright character.
-
-
Muhammad is greeted by an angle while he was meditating in a cave. The angle inspired him to send the message of the quran.
-
After enduring persecution in Mecca, Muhammad and his followers migrate to the nearby town of Yathrib (later to be known as Medina), where the people there accepted Islam. First day of Islamic calendar.
-
Muhammad returns to Mecca with a large number of his followers.
-
Muhammad dies after a prolonged illness. The Muslim community elects, Abu Bakr, as caliph, or successor.
-
Islam begins to spread throughout North Africa, North Arabia, Egypt, and etc.
-
Imam Ali is killed, bringing to an end the rule of the four "righteous caliphs": Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali. This also marks the beginning of the Umayyad rule.
-
Muslims enter Spain in the west and India in the east.
-
The Abbasids take over rule from the Umayyads, shifting the seat of power to Baghdad.
-
European Crusaders take Jerusalem from the Muslims. Eventually Muslims defeat the Crusaders and regain control of the holy land.
-
Ottomans conquer the Byzantine seat of Constantinople and change its name to Istanbul.