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Centuries ago, Ireland came under the control of England. As part of that process, large numbers of English and Scots were encouraged to settle in Northern Ireland. While most of the native Irish were Catholic, most of the settlers were Protestant. -
In the early 20th century there was a sustained campaign to sever the link with Britain. -
In 1920, the British settled the matter by partitioning Ireland, granting independence to most of it and keeping the northern part within the United Kingdom. -
However, in the north there was a campaign to maintain the link or union with Great Britain. On both sides of this argument, a significant number were prepared to use violence in support of their cause.
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