International relationships

  • Peace of Westphalia of 1648

    A stepping stone in the development of the modern state system. Prior to this the European medieval organization of political authority was based on a vaguely hierarchical religious order.
  • The Treaty of Utrecht of 1713

    Thought to reflect an emerging norm that sovereigns had no internal equals within a defined territory and no external superiors as the ultimate authority within the territory's sovereign borders.
  • The treaty of Westminster/London

    Britain and Belgium made an alliance.
  • The Armistice

    This came into effect on the 11th November 1918. it was an agreement to end the fighting. Germany had no say in the terms and the Allies knew it. The Allies ensured that Germany couldn't start fighting again. Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated.
  • 1919-The Treaty of Versailles

    Exactly five years after the assignation of Archduke Franz Ferdinand the Treaty of Versailles was signed between the Allies and defeated Germany. It severely harmed Germany with losses of honor, land, equipment and money. Because of this it was very unpopular and was a compromise between the allies.